Question

(a) What is the resistance of a Nichrome wire at 0.0C0.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C} if its resistance is 100.00Ω100.00 \Omega at 11.5C11.5^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ? (b) What is the resistance of a carbon rod at 25.8C25.8^{\circ} \mathrm{C} if its resistance is 0.0160Ω0.0160 \Omega at 0.0C0.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?

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Answered 2 years ago
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a)\textbf{a)} \ \ Resistivity of a material varies with temperature, the resistance of a specific conductor also varies with temperature. For temperature ranges that are not too great, this variation is approximately a linear relationship described with expression below:

R=R0[1+α(TT0)]\begin{equation*} R = R_0 \cdot [1 + \alpha \cdot (T - T_0)] \end{equation*}

α\alpha is temperature coefficient of resistance, for Nichrome this will be:

αnichrome=0.0004 [oC1]\begin{equation*} \alpha_{nichrome} = 0.0004 \ [^oC^{-1}] \end{equation*}

If resistance of Nichrome wire at T=11.5 oCT = 11.5 \ ^oC is R=100.00 ΩR= 100.00 \ \Omega, at temperature of T0=0.0 oCT_0 = 0.0 \ ^oC the resistance R0R_0 will be:

R=R0[1+α(TT0)]    R0=R1+α(TT0)R0=100.00 Ω1+0.0004 oC1(11.5 oC0oC)\begin{align*} &R = R_0 \cdot [1 + \alpha \cdot (T - T_0)] \\ \\ \implies &R_0 = \frac{R}{1 + \alpha \cdot (T - T_0)} \\ \\ &R_0 = \frac{100.00 \ \Omega}{1 + 0.0004 \ ^oC^{-1} \cdot (11.5 \ ^oC - 0 ^oC)} \\ \end{align*}

R0=99.542 Ω\begin{equation*} \boxed{R_0 = 99.542 \ \Omega} \end{equation*}

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