According to a survey by two United Nations agencies and a nongovernmental organization, two in every three women in the Indian capital of New Delhi are likely to face some form of sexual harassment in a year (BBC World Nens, July 9, 2010). The study also reports that women who use public transportation are especially vulnerable. Suppose the corresponding probability of harassment for women who use public transportation is $0.82$. It is also known that $28 \%$ of women use public transportation.

a. What is the probability that a woman takes public transportation and also faces sexual harassment?

b. If a woman is sexually harassed, what is the probability that she had taken public transportation?

The three residents of Smallville are considering a fireworks display. Clark values this public good at $\$ 80$; Lana at $\$ 50$; and Pete (who dislikes fireworks) at $-\$ 30$. Fireworks cost the town $\$ 120$, or $\$ 40$ per person. The efficient outcome is for the town

a. to provide the public good because the median person values it more than its cost per person.

b. to provide the public good because a majority of the residents value it more than its cost per person.

c. to provide the public good because the total value of a majority exceeds the total cost.

d. not to provide the public good because the total value of all residents is less than the total cost.

Identify each of the following situations as something that either promotes growth or retards growth.

a. Increasing corruption allows government officials to steal people’s homes.

b. A nation introduces patent laws for the first time.

c. A court order shuts down all banks permanently.

d. A poor country extends free public schooling from 8 years to 12 years.

e. A nation adopts a free-trade policy.

f. A formerly communist country adopts free markets

What is wrong in the following code?

public class Test {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    Number x = new Integer(3);
    System.out.println(x.intValue());
    System.out.println((Integer) x.compareTo(new Integer(4)));
  }
}

Name the three errors in the following program:

1   public MyProgram {
2       public static void main(String[] args) {
3           System.out.println("This is a test of the")
4           System.out.Println("emergency broadcast system.");
5       }
6   }

Show the output of the following programs. (Hint: Draw a table and list the variables in the columns to trace these programs.)

• a

public class Test {
    /** Main method */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
            int j = 0;
            while (j < i) {
                System.out.print(j + " ");
                j++;
            }
        }
    }
}

• b

public class Test {
   /** Main method */
   public static void main(String[] args) {
       int i = 0;
       while (i < 5) {
           for (int j = i; j > 1; j——)
               System.out.print(j + " ");
           System.out.println("****");
           i++;
       }
   }
}

• c

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int i = 5;
        while (i >= 1) {
            int num = 1;
            for (int j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
                System.out.print(num + "xxx");
                num *= 2;
            }
            System.out.println();
            i——;
        }
    }
}

• d

public class Test {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
       int i = 1;
       do {
           int num = 1;
           for (int j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
               System.out.print(num + "G");
               num += 2;
           }
           System.out.println();
           i++;
       } while (i <= 5);
   }
}

List three ways you can advocate for public health.

For what reasons might the right to assemble be limited on public property?

Is the criminal justice system (police and the courts) a public good? Explain.

Identify and correct the errors in the following program: 1 public class Test { 2 public static method1(int n, m) { 3 n += m; 4 method2(3.4); 5 } 6 7 public static int method2(int n) { 8 if (n > 0) return 1; 9 else if (n == 0) return 0; 10 else if (n < 0) return −1; 11 } 12 }

Pick an environmental problem that affects the area where you live and decide where in the policy life cycle the problem could best be placed. Apply the cycle to this problem and describe how the problem has progressed (or will likely progress) through each stage. If your problem has not progressed to the policy adjustment stage, explain how you think the policy dealing with the problem could be adjusted, if at all.

Advocates for setting monetary policy by rule rather than discretion often argue that

a. central bankers with discretion are tempted to renege on their announced commitments to low inflation.

b. central bankers following a rule will be more responsive to the needs of the political process.

c. fiscal policy is better than monetary policy as a tool for economic stabilization.

d. it is sometimes useful to give the economy a burst of surprise inflation.

Put each of the following goods or services into one of the categories shown in Figure 5.7 on page 165. That is, categorize them as private goods, public goods, quasi-public goods, or common resources.

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A study conducted several years ago reported that 21 percent of public accountants changed companies within 3 years. The American Institute of CPA's would like to update the study. They would like to estimate the population proportion of public accountants who changed companies within 3 years with a margin of error of 3% and a 95% level of confidence.

a. To update this study, the files of how many public accountants should be studied?

b. How many public accountants should be contacted if no previous estimates of the population proportion are available?