An astronaut takes his bathroom scale to the moon and then stands on it. Is the reading of the scale his true weight? Explain.

How does the mass of an astronaut change when she travels from Earth to the Moon? How does her weight change?

A barometer reads $745 \mathrm{~mm}$ of mercury. Determine the barometric pressure reading in $\mathrm{kPa}(\mathrm{abs})$.

Near sea level, how high a hill must you ascend for the reading of a barometer you are carrying to drop by 1.0 cm Hg? Assume the temperature remains at

$$20 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C }$$

as you climb. The reading of a barometer on an average day at sea level is 76.0 cm Hg.

Find the least-squares regression line for predicting reading from amount and add this line to your plot.

Altitude and atmospheric pressure: Hikers on Mt. Everest take successive readings of $35\ \mathrm{cm\ Hg}$ at $5^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ and $30\ \mathrm{cm\ Hg}$ at $-10^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. (a) How far up the mountain are they at each reading? (b) Approximate the height of Mt. Everest if the temperature at the summit is $-27^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ and the barometric pressure is $22.2 \mathrm{cmHg}$.

In the blank, insert the most appropriate word or expression.

If you are bored, try reading detective stories; they help to overcome _______

The Richter scale reading, $R$, used for measuring the magnitude of an earthquake with intensity $I$ is determined by

$$R=\frac{\ln \left(I / I_0\right)}{\ln 10}$$

where $I_0$ is a standard minimum threshold of intensity. If $I_0=1$, what is the rate of change of the Richter scale reading with respect to intensity?

For some measuring processes, the uncertainty is approximately proportional to the value of the measurement. For example, a certain scale is said to have an uncertainty of $\pm 2 \%.$ An object is weighed on this scale. a. Given that the reading is 100 g, express the uncertainty in this measurement in grams. b. Given that the reading is 50 g, express the uncertainty in this measurement in grams.

Revise each of the following sentences to reflect formal, standard English usage by crossing out each nonstandard word and, if necessary, writing the correct word above it. If the sentence is already correct, write $C$ to the left of the number. I like reading Shelley somewhat, but I really enjoy reading Keats.

Use the barometric equation which is given by $H=(30 T+8000) \ln \left(\frac{P_0}{P}\right)$ for the below exercise. Recall that $P_0=76 \ \mathrm{cmHg}$. A large weather balloon is released and takes altitude, pressure, and temperature readings as it climbs, and radios the information back to Earth. What is the pressure reading at an altitude of $5000 \mathrm{~m}$, given the temperature is $-18^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ ?

According to Jamal, the reading on clock $C$ advances from $25 \mathrm{~min}$ to $100 \mathrm{~min}$ between the reception of the flashes by clocks $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{B}$ in Problems 23 and 24. Again according to Jamal, how much will the reading on clock $A$ advance during this 75-min interval?

Why would reading for a long time cause eye fatigue, while looking at a distant scene is restful?

Recall that the prior probabilities of no oil (none), some oil (some), and much oil (much) are:

$$P(\text { none })=.7 \quad P(\text { some })=.2 \quad P(\text { much })=.1$$

Of 100 past sites that were drilled and produced no oil, 5 gave a medium reading. Of the 400 past sites that were drilled and produced some oil, 376 gave a medium reading. Of the 300 past sites that were drilled and produced much oil, 9 gave a medium reading. This implies that the conditional probabilities of a medium reading (medium) given no oil, some oil, and much oil are:

$$\begin{aligned} & P(\text { medium } \mid \text { none })=\frac{5}{100}=.05 \\ & P(\text { medium } \mid \text { some })=\frac{376}{400}=.94 \\ & P(\text { medium } \mid \text { much })=\frac{9}{300}=.03 \end{aligned}$$

Calculate the posterior probabilities of no, some, and much oil, given a medium reading.