An ion that has three more protons in the nucleus than there are electrons outside the nucleus will have a charge of $\underline{~~~~~~~~~}$ .

Approximately how many times greater is the diameter of an atom than the diameter of its nucleus? Knowing that most of an atom’s mass is contained in the nucleus, what can you conclude about the density of the nucleus?

If the size of the nucleus of an atom were that of a pea, how far would the electrons be ( on average) from the nucleus in meters?

Searches are underway for a process called neutrinoless double beta decay, in which a nucleus decays by emitting two electrons. If the parent nucleus is ${ }_{40}^{96} \mathrm{Zr}$, what would the daughter nucleus be?

Solid lead has more than four times the mass density of solid aluminum. What is the main reason that lead is so much more dense? (a) The Pb atom is smaller than the Al atom. (b) The Pb nucleus is smaller than the Al nucleus. (c) The Pb nucleus is more massive than the Al nucleus. (d) The Pb nucleus is more dense than the Al nucleus. (e) The Pb atom has many more electrons than the Al atom.

The atomic number is a. the number of protons in the nucleus, b. the number of neutrons in the nucleus, c. the number of neutrons plus protons.

a. What is the binding energy per nucleon for each nucleus in the previous problem? b. Which nucleus is more stable?

Vocabulary: Nucleus

Compare the strength of the strong force on a proton and the strength of the electric force on a proton in a small nucleus and a large nucleus.

Is the mass per nucleon of a nucleus greater than, less than, or the same as the mass of a nucleon outside a nucleus?

Calculate, estimating from the graph, how much energy (in MeV) would be released by the fusion of a ${ }^4 \mathrm{He}$ nucleus with ${ }^{12} \mathrm{C}$ nucleus to form an ${ }^{16} \mathrm{O}$ nucleus.

Approximately how many limes greater is the diameter of an atom than the diameter of its nucleus? Knowing that most of an atom's mass is contained in the nucleus, what can you conclude about the density of the nucleus?

The atomic number is: a. the number of protons in the nucleus b. the number of neutrons in the nucleus c. the number of neutrons plus protons.

In a head-on collision, the closest approach of a 6.24 MeV alpha particle to the center of a nucleus is 6.00 fm. The nucleus is in an atom of what element? Assume that the nucleus is heavy enough to remain stationary during the collision.