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Question

Antacids are compounds that neutralize stomach acid. Write the equations that show how Milk of Magnesia, Alka-Seltzer, and Tums remove excess acid. a. Milk of Magnesia:

Mg(OH)2Mg(OH)_2

b. Alka-Seltzer:

KHCO3KHCO_3

and

NaHCO3NaHCO_3

c. Tums:

CaCO3CaCO_3

Solution

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Removal of excess acid by the antacids is done by the consumption of H+^{+} ions that earlier belonged to the acid. In the following compounds, the anions react with H+^{+} ions.

(a.)OH+H+H2O(b.)HCO3+H+H2CO3H2O+CO2(c.)CO32+H+HCO3HCO3+H+H2CO3H2O+CO2\begin{align*} ( \text{a.}) & \text{OH}^{-}+ \text{H}^{+} \rightleftharpoons \text{H}_{2}\text{O}\\ ( \text{b.}) & \text{HCO}_{3}^{-}+ \text{H}^{+} \rightleftharpoons \text{H}_{2}\text{CO}_{3} \rightleftharpoons \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + \text{CO}_{2}\\ ( \text{c.}) & \text{CO}_{3}^{2-}+ \text{H}^{+} \rightleftharpoons \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} \\ &\text{HCO}_{3}^{-}+ \text{H}^{+} \rightleftharpoons \text{H}_{2}\text{CO}_{3} \rightleftharpoons \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + \text{CO}_{2}\\ \end{align*}

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