At Niagara Falls, if 505 kg of water falls a distance of 50.0 m, what is the increase in internal energy of the water at the bottom of the falls? Assume that all of the initial potential energy goes into increasing the water's internal energy and that the final kinetic energy is zero.

What property of life does the internal organization of a single-celled organism demonstrate?

About how many times did large-company stocks return more than 30%? How many times did they return less than −20%?

A simple heat exchanger is made by installing a close return bend on two $1 / 2$-in Schedule 40 steel pipes as shown in the figure. Determine the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet for a flow rate of $12.5\ \mathrm{gal} / \mathrm{min}$ of ethylene glycol at $77^{\circ} \mathrm{F}$.

When the ice skater in earlier Section pushes herself away from the railing her internal energy $E_{int}$ decreases. What happens to her internal energy when she skates up to the railing and then pushes herself to a stop?

Let $x$ be the yearly proportional return for stock $C$, and let $y$ be the yearly proportional return for stock $D$. If $\mu_{x}=.11, \mu_{y}=.09, \sigma_{x}=.17, \sigma_{y}=.17,$ and $\sigma_{xy}^{2}=.0412,$ find the mean and standard deviation of the portfolio return $P=.5x + .5y$. Discuss the risk of the portfolio.

Explain the difference between the change in internal energy and the change in enthalpy accompanying a process.

You have $20,000 to invest in a stock portfolio. Your choices are Stock X with an expected return of 14 percent and Stock Y with an expected return of 11 percent. Assume your goal is to create a portfolio with an expected return of 12.55 percent.

Required: How much money will you invest in Stock X and Stock Y?

Low return. The previous exercise proposes modeling quarterly returns of a group of mutual funds with $N(0.062,0.018)$. The manager of this group of funds would like to flag any fund whose return is unusually low for a quarter. What level of return would you assume to be unusually low? Describe.

Find the rate of return for the following cash flow:

$$\begin{matrix} \text{Year} & \text{Cash Flow}\\ \text{0} & \text{-\$15,000}\\ \text{1} & \text{10,000}\\ \text{2} & \text{-8,000}\\ \text{3} & \text{11,000}\\ \text{4} & \text{13,000}\\ \end{matrix}$$

What is the output of the following programs? #include using namespace std; int function(int); int main () { int x = 10; cout << function(x) << endl; return 0; } int function(int num) { if (num <= 0) return 0; else return function(num − 1) + num; }

SME Company has a debt– equity ratio of .65. Return on assets is 8.2%, and total equity is $515,000. What is the equity multiplier? Return on equity? Net income?

Keith Riggins expects an investment of $82,014 to return$10,000 annually for several years. If Riggins earns a return of 10%, how many annual payments will he receive?

Nikola Inc. is considering the purchase of a new industrial electric motor to improve efficiency at its Rochester plant. The motor has an estimated useful life of 5 years. The estimated pretax cash flows for the motor are shown in the table that follows, with no anticipated change in working capital. Nikola has a 10% after-tax required rate of return and a 30% income tax rate. Assume depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis for tax purposes. Assume all cash flows occur at year-end except for initial investment amounts.

$$\begin{array}{c} \begin{array}{l} \\ \\ \text{Initial motor investment}\\ \text{Annual cash flow from operations}\\ \text{(excluding the depreciation effect)}\\ \text{Cash flow from terminal disposal of motor} \end{array}& \begin{array}{c} \textbf{Relevant Cash flows at End of Each Year}\\ \begin{array}{ccccc}\hline \textbf{0}&\textbf{1}&\textbf{2}&\textbf{3}&\textbf{4}\\\hline \$(75,000)\\ \\ &\$25,000&\$25,000&\$25,000&\$25,000\\ &&&&\$~~~~~~~~~~0 \end{array} \end{array} \end{array}$$

1. Calculate (a) net present value, (b) payback period, (c) discounted payback period, and (d) internal rate of return.

2. Compare and contrast the capital budgeting methods in requirement 1.