Balancing Chemical Equations Sucrose, $C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}$, is a sugar that is used to sweeten many foods. Inside the body, it is broken down to produce $H_2O$ and $CO_2$. $\mathrm { C } _ { 12 } \mathrm { H } _ { 22 } \mathrm { O } _ { 11 } + 12 \mathrm { O } _ { 2 } \rightarrow 12 \mathrm { CO } _ { 2 } + 11 \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$ List all of the mole ratios that can be determined from this equation.

For each of the following changes to the equilibrium system below, predict which reaction will be favored-forward (to the right), reverse (to the left), or neither. $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 } ( \mathrm { gas } ) + \mathrm { Cl } _ { 2 } ( \mathrm { gas } ) \leftrightarrows 2 \mathrm { HCl } ( \mathrm { gas } ) +$ energy a. addition of $Cl_2$ b. removal of HCI c. increase in pressure d. decrease in temperature e. removal of $H_2$

Explain why hydrogen gas is given off when a reactive metal undergoes a single-displacement reaction with water.

Use the ratio test to determine whether the given series converges or diverges. $\sum_{k=1}^{\infty} \frac{2^{k}}{k^{3}}$

Balancing Chemical Equations Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction in which methane, $CH_4$, reacts with oxygen gas to produce water and carbon dioxide.

Describe two reasons for balancing chemical equations.

Again using Appendix F, which planets might you expect to have extreme seasons? Why?

Applying Concepts Sulfur burns in air to form sulfur dioxide in the following reaction: $\mathrm { S } + \mathrm { O } _ { 2 } \rightarrow \mathrm { SO } _ { 2 }$ a. What mass of $SO_2$ forms from 64 g of sulfur? b. What mass of sulfur is necessary to form 256 g of sulfur dioxide?

Analyzing Processes Explain why hydrogen gas is given off when a reactive metal undergoes a single-displacement reaction with water.

Most reactions speed up when a. the temperature decreases. b. equilibrium is achieved. c. the concentration of the products increases. d. the reactant is in small pieces.

When wood is burned, energy is released in the form of heat and light. Describe the reaction, and explain why this reaction does not violate the law of conservation of energy. Use the terms combustion, exothermic, and chemical energy.

What happens during an exothermic reaction? a. Energy is lost. b. Energy is created. c. Energy is released. d. Energy is absorbed.

Explain what it means when a system in chemical equilibrium shifts to favor the products.

When wood is burned, energy is released in the forms of heat and light. Describe the reaction, and explain why this change does not violate the law of conservation of energy. Use the terms combustion, exothermic, and chemical energy.