B.L., 17, had a compression fracture at the C5-C6 after jumping into a river from a bridge and slamming into a submerged rock. Fortunately, she was saved by a companion who had first-aid expertise and worked to limit any collateral damage. B.L. was unable to move her limbs, feel touch, or have reflexes in her limbs when she arrived at the emergency room. Describe why it is impossible to determine the entire amount of lasting damage during this initial time frame.

A car passenger buckles himself in with a seat belt and holds his $18-\mathrm{kg}$ toddler on his lap. Use the work-energy principle to answer the following questions. (a) While traveling $25\mathrm{~m}/\mathrm{s}$, the driver has to make an emergency stop over a distance of $45\mathrm{~m}$. Assuming constant deceleration, how much force will the arms of the parent need to exert on the child during this deceleration period? Is this force achievable by an average parent?

A hiker caught in a thunderstorm loses heat when her clothing becomes wet. She is packing emergency rations that if completely metabolized will release $35 \mathrm{~kJ}$ of heat per gram of rations consumed. How much rations must the hiker consume to avoid a reduction in body temperature of $2.5 \mathrm{~K}$ as a result of heat loss? Assume the heat capacity of the body equals that of water and that the hiker weighs $51 \mathrm{~kg}$. State any additional assumptions.

Study of why EMS workers leave the job. A study of fulltime emergency medical service (EMS) workers published in the Journal of Allied Health (Fall 2011) found that only about 3% leave their job in order to retire. (See Exercise $3.45$, p. 158.) Assume that the true proportion of all fulltime EMS workers who leave their job in order to retire is $p=.03$. In a random sample of 1,000 full-time EMS workers, let $\hat{p}$ represent the proportion who leave their job in order to retire. Compute $P(\hat{p}>.025)$. Interpret this result.

Large stadiums rely on backup generators to provide electricity in the event of a power failure. Assume that emergency backup generators fail 22% of the times when they are needed (based on data from Arshad Mansoor, senior vice president with the Electric Power Research Institute). A stadium has three backup generators so that power is available if at least one of them works in a power failure. Find the probability of having at least one of the backup generators working given that a power failure has occurred. Does the result appear to be adequate for the stadium's needs?

$$\left. \begin{array} { l } { \text { . The interval between patient arrivals in an emergency room } } \\ { \text { is a random variable with exponential density function } p ( t ) = } \\ { 0.125 e ^ { - 0.125 t } ( t \text { in minutes). What is the average time between pa- } } \\ { \text { tient arrivals? What is the probability of two patients arriving within } 3 } \\ { \text { min of each other? } } \end{array} \right.$$

A vehicle is stuck on the railroad tracks as a 430,000 lb locomotive is approaching with a speed of 75 mph. As soon as the problem is detected, the locomotive’s emergency brakes are activated, locking the wheels and causing the locomotive to slide. If the coefficient of kinetic friction between the locomotive and the track is 0.45, what is the minimum distance d at which the brakes must be applied to avoid a collision? What would that distance be if instead of a locomotive, there was a $30 \times 106 lb$ train? Treat the locomotive and the train as particles, assume that the railroad tracks are rectilinear and horizontal, and note that only the locomotive’s brakes are applied.

Potassium superoxide, $KO_2$, is employed in a self-contained breathing apparatus used by emergency personnel as a source of oxygen. The reaction is\

$4KO_2(s) + 2H_2O(l) \longrightarrow 4KOH(s) + 3O_2(g)$\

Say a self-contained breathing apparatus is charged with 750 g $KO_2$ and then is used to produce 195 g of oxygen. Was all of the $KO_2$ consumed in this reaction? If the $KO_2$ wasn’t all consumed, how much is left over and what mass of additional $O_2$ could be produced?

In each of the following sentences, circle any letter that should be capitalized and draw a slash (\/) through any letter that should be lowercase. **Example 1**. $\text{\textcircled}{\text{{d}}}$id you ask $\text{\textcircled}{\text{{d}}}$r. fishbein or her ${\sout{\text{D}}}$ental ${\sout{\text{A}}}$ssistant about your toothache during your appointment last $\text{\textcircled}{\text{{f}}}$riday? “In case of an Emergency,” the notice read, “Please call $911$ to reach ems or the police.”

An emergency cell phone charger requires you to turn a small crank in order to create the energy needed to recharge the phone’s battery. If you turn the crank 120 times per minute, the total number r of revolutions that you turn the crank is given by r = 120t where t is the time (in minutes) spent turning the crank. a. Graph the function and identify its domain and range. b. Identify the domain and range if you stop turning the crank after 4 minutes. Explain how this affects the appearance of the graph.

Define Type I and Type II error for each scenario, and identify the cost(s) of each type of error.

Approaching O'Hare for landing, a British Air flight from London has been in a holding pattern for $45$ minutes due to bad weather. Landing is expected within $15$ minutes. The flight crew could declare an emergency and land immediately, but an FAA investigation would be launched and other flights might be endangered. The null hypothesis is that there is enough fuel to stay aloft for $15$ more minutes.

Match each type of disease with the type of disease-causing agent that causes it. _ African sleeping sickness A. virus B. bacterium C. protist D. parasitic worm E. fungus

J.R. is a 28-year-old man who was doing home repairs. He fell from the top of a 6-foot stepladder, striking his head on a large rock. He experienced a momentary loss of consciousness. By the time his neighbour got to him, he was conscious but bleeding profusely from a laceration over the right temporal area. The neighbour drove him to the emergency department of your hospital. As the nurse, you immediately apply a cervical collar, lay him on a stretcher, and take J.R. to a treatment room.
What steps will you take to assess J.R.?

While you are talking with your friend at an expensive restaurant, she quickly stops in midswallow and looks panicked. When you ask what is wrong, she indicates that she can’t speak and runs toward the restroom. What should you do? Suppose that your first aid does not work---what procedure might emergency medical personnel use to help your her?