Brightly colored $_______________$ attract pollinators to flowers.

What are two purposes served by seed dormancy?

a. _______________________________
b. _______________________________

When sterns are used as scions, the process is called __________________

When a pollen grain lands on a stigma, it begins to grow a(an) __________________

A structure grown by a pollen grain that contains two sperm nuclei is called a(an) __________________

Which organs glands are important in regulating water output?

What are the names of the hormones that play an important role in the regulation of potassium in the body?

a. mainly glucagon and insulin

b. primarily insulin and partially by aldosterone

c. primarily insulin and partially by glucagon

d. primarily aldosterone and secondarily insulin

A major electrolyte mineral that is important for fluid balance, nerve impulse transmission, and muscle contraction; high dietary intake of this mineral is a risk factor for hypertension.

A. Sodium

B. Potassium

C. Chloride

D. Calcium

E. Selenium

When a piece of stem or a lateral bud is cut from a parent plant and attached to another plant, what are the cut piece and the plant to which it is attached called? __________________

What ensures that pollen grains stay on the scales of a female cone? __________________

What are two environmental factors that can cause a seed to end dormancy and germinate?

a. _______________________________
b. _______________________________

The female gametophyte is produced by $__________$ in gymnosperms.

What is dormancy? __________________

In the gymnosperm life cycle, how do the pollen grains reach the female cones? __________________