Choose the best answer to below of the following. Explain your reasoning with one or more complete sentences.
What does the famous formula E=$\ mc^{2}$ have to do with special relativity?
(a) Nothing; it comes from a different theory.
(b) It is one of the two starting assumptions of special relativity.
(c) It is a direct consequence of the theory.

Predict the electron pair geometry, the molecular shape, and the bond angle for a phosphine molecule, PH$_{3}$, using VSEPR theory

What is the neutral theory of molecular evolution as proposed by Kimura (1968)? What determines the frequency of neutral alleles in a population?

Correct each of the following misstatements from Dalton’s atomic theory.

a. Elements are made of tiny particles called molecules.

Watson suggested a(n)- theory of learning, which hypothesizes that learning involves the formation of a direct connection between a st___________ and a r__________.

A hydrogen atom is in its first excited state $(n=2)$. Using the Bohr theory of the atom, calculate (e) the potential energy

Apply VSEPR theory to explain why SiF$_{4}$ is a nonpolar molecule even though it has four polar bonds.

Choose the best answer to following. Explain your reasoning with one or more complete sentences.
Which of the following best explains why the night sky is dark?
(a) The universe is not infinite in space.
(b) The universe has not always looked the way it looks today.
(c) The distribution of matter in the universe is not uniform on very large scales.

Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about ideal gases and real gases. a. An ideal gas does not follow the gas laws at all temperatures and pressures. b. An ideal gas does not conform to the assumptions of the kinetic theory. c. There is no real gas that conforms to the kinetic theory under all conditions of temperature and pressure.

Which of these species has a longer bond, $\mathrm{B}_2$ or $\mathrm{B}_2^{+}$? Explain in terms of molecular orbital theory.

In the early twentieth century, what two experiments involving light and matter could not be explained by the wave theory of light?

Earth rotates much faster than Venus. How does the giant impact theory of the Moon account for this fact?

Describe some of the ways in which Anna Freud, Heinz Kohut, and Melanie Klein extended and modified traditional Freudian theory.

Choose the best answer to each of the following. Explain your reasoning with one or more complete sentences.
Which of these forms of radiation passes most easily through the disk of the Milky Way?
(a) red light
(b) blue light
(c) infrared light