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Question

Find a parametric representation. Circle in the plane z=1 with center (3, 2) and passing through the origin.

Solution

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(I am assuming that the "origin" was meant to be the point (0,0,1)(0, 0, 1); since the circle is in the plane z=1z = 1, it is impossible for it to contain the point (0,0,0)(0, 0, 0).)

Since it is in the plane z=1z = 1 which is parallel to the xyxy-plane, for now we can treat the circle as if it was in the xyxy-plane. Therefore, its equation is

(xa)2+(yb)2=r2,(x - a)^2 + (y - b)^2 = r^2,

where (a,b)(a,b) is its center, and rr is its radius.

Thus, from the text of the exercise, (a,b)=(3,2)(a,b) = (3, 2):

(x3)2+(y2)2=r2(x-3)^2 + (y-2)^2 = r^2

It contains the point (0,0)(0, 0), so we plug in x=0x = 0, y=0y = 0 to find rr:

r2=(03)2+(02)2=13r=13r^2 = (0-3)^2 + (0-2)^2 = 13 \Longrightarrow \boxed{r = \sqrt{13}}

Therefore, the full equation of this circle is

(x3)2+(y2)2=13(1)(x-3)^2 + (y-2)^2 = 13 \tag{1}

For the circle with the center (a,b)(a,b) and the radius rr, the parametric representation is [a+rcost,b+rsint][a+r \cos t, b + r \sin t]. Therefore, here we have that the parametric representation is

[3+13cost,2+13sint]\boxed{\color{#4257b2}[3 + \sqrt{13} \cos t, 2 + \sqrt{13} \sin t]}

Truly, plug this into the LHS of (1):

(3+13cost3)2+(2+13sint2)2=13cos2t+13sin2t=13(3+\sqrt{13} \cos t - 3)^2 + (2 + \sqrt{13} \sin t - 2)^2 = 13 \cos^2 t + 13 \sin^2 t = 13

So, (1)(1) truly holds.

Finally, for now we only have xx and yy coordinates in the parametric representation, so we must remember to include z=1z = 1 in the parametric representation of this circle:

[3+13cost,2+13sint,1]\boxed{\color{#c34632}[3 + \sqrt{13} \cos t, 2 + \sqrt{13} \sin t, 1]}

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