Question

Consider a hypothesis test of difference of proportions for two independent populations. Suppose random samples produce r1r_{1} successes out of n1n_{1} trials for the first population and r2r_{2} successes out of n2n_{2} trials for the second population. What is the formula for the sample test statistic?

Solution

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Given: hypothesis test of difference of proportions for two independent populations x1x_1 and x2x_2.

Formula for the sample test statistic:

z=p^1p^2p(1p)1n1+1n2z=\dfrac{\hat{p}_1-\hat{p}_2}{\sqrt{\overline{p}(1-\overline{p})}\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{n_1}+\dfrac{1}{n_2}}}

with

p^1\hat{p}_1 the sample proportion of the first sample (p^1=r1n1)\left( \hat{p}_1=\dfrac{r_1}{n_1} \right)

p^2\hat{p}_2 the sample proportion of the second sample (p^2=r2n2)\left( \hat{p}_2=\dfrac{r_2}{n_2} \right)

p\overline{p} the pooled proportion (p=r1+r2n1+n2)\left( \overline{p}=\dfrac{r_1+r_2}{n_1+n_2} \right)

n1n_1 the sample size of the first sample

n2n_2 the sample size of the second sample

r1r_1 the number of successes of the first sample

r2r_2 the number of successes of the second sample

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