Describe one conclusion inade by each scientist that led to the development of the current atomic theory.

a.Thomson

b.Millikan

c. Rutherford

For each compound, draw the Lewis structure, determine the geometry using VSEPR theory, determine whether the molecule is polar, identify the hybridization of all interior atoms, and make a sketch of the molecule, according to valence bond theory, showing orbital overlap. a. $COF_2$ (carbon is the central atom) b. $S_2Cl_2 (ClSSCl)$ c. $SF_4$

Experiments are conducted with hybrids of two types of peas. If the offspring follow Mendel's theory of inheritance, the seeds that are produced are yellow smooth, green smooth, yellow wrinkled, and green w1inkled, and they should occur in the ratio of 9:3:3: 1, respectively. An experiment is designed to test Mendel's theory, with the result that the offspring seeds consist of 307 that are yellow smooth, 77 that are green smooth, 98 that are yellow wrinkled, and 18 that are green wrinkled. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the results contradict Mendel 's theory.

State two principles from Dalton’s atomic theory that have been revised as new information has become available.

Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about ideal gases and real gases. a. An ideal gas does not follow the gas laws at all temperatures and pressures. b. An ideal gas does not conform to the assumptions of the kinetic theory. c. There is no real gas that conforms to the kinetic theory under all conditions of temperature and pressure.

Use molecular orbital theory to explain the bonding in the azide ion $\left(\mathrm{N}_3^{-}\right)$. The arrangement of atoms is NNN.

Explain the Forster and Lavie experiment on how processing capacity and perceptual load determine distraction. Define the load theory of attention.

Using the VSEPR theory, predict the molecular structure of the following polyatomic ions.

a. sulfate ion, $\mathrm{SO}_4{ }^{2-}$

Using the VSEPR theory, predict the molecular structure of the following polyatomic ions.

b. phosphate ion, $\mathrm{PO}_4{ }^{3-}$

The gas tank is made from A-36 steel and has an inner diameter of 1.50 m. If the tank is designed to withstand a pressure of 5 MPa, determine the required minimum wall thickness to the nearest millimeter using (a) the maximum shear stress theory, and (b) maximum distortion energy theory. Apply a factor of safety of 1.5 against yielding.

Explain in terms of valence bond theory why the orbitals used on an atom give rise to a particular geometry about that atom.

What purpose did Herbert Spencer have in interpreting Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection as "survival of the fittest"?

What evidence in rocks supports the theory of seafloor spreading?

A) plate movement

B) magnetic reversals

C) subduction

D) convergence

The theory of evolution by natural selection requires variability of a given trait. Why is variability necessary and where does it come from?