Describe the climate in the deciduous forest biome.

How much of the energy reaching Earth is absorbed and converted to chemical energy by the process of photosynthesis? Where does the other energy go?

Match the term. Correlation. A. the statistical study of the relationship between variables. B. the constant rate of change of a linear function C. the ratio between two sets of measurements D. a transformation that moves each point in a figure or graph the same distance in the same direction E. a measure of the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two variables

Two ice skaters, Paula and Ricardo, push off from each other. Ricardo weighs more than Paula. Which skater, if either, has the greater speed after the push-off?

The concentration of hydrogen ions in a substance is denoted by $\left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]$, measured in moles per liter. The pH of a substance is defined by the logarithmic function $\mathrm{pH}=-\log \left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]$. This function is used to measure the acidity of a substance. The pH of water is 7. A substance with a pH less than 7 is an acid, whereas one that has a pH of more than 7 is a base. a. Find the pH of the following substances. Round answers to one digit. b. Determine whether the substance is an acid or a base. i. $\operatorname{Eggs}:\left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]=1.6 \times 10^{-8} \mathrm{mol} / \mathrm{L}$ ii. Beer: $\left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]=3.16 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{mol} / \mathrm{L}$ iii. Tomato Juice: $\left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]=7.94 \times 10^{-5} \mathrm{mol} / \mathrm{L}$

Are the events $A$ and $A^{\prime}$ mutually exclusive? Explain.

Give an answer for the follwoing exercise.

(a) Trouton's rule states that the ratio of the molar heat of vaporization of a liquid $\left(\Delta H_{\text {vap }}\right)$ to its boiling point in kelvins is approximately $90 \mathrm{~J} / \mathrm{K} \cdot \mathrm{mol}$. Use the following data to show that this is the case and explain why Trouton's rule holds true.

$$\begin{array}{lcc} & \boldsymbol{T}_{\mathbf{b p}}\left({ }^{\circ} \mathbf{C}\right) & \boldsymbol{\Delta} \boldsymbol{H}_{\text {vap }}(\mathbf{k} \mathbf{J} / \mathbf{m o l}) \\ \hline \text { Benzene } & 80.1 & 31.0 \\ \text { Hexane } & 68.7 & 30.8 \\ \text { Mercury } & 357 & 59.0 \\ \text { Toluene } & 110.6 & 35.2 \end{array}$$

(b) Use the values in the table to calculate the same ratio for ethanol and water. Explain why Trouton's rule does not apply to these two substances as well as it does to other liquids.

$$\begin{array}{ccc} \text { Substance } & \text { Boiling point }\left({ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right) & \Delta H_{\text {vap }}(\mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{mol}) \\ \text { Argon }(\mathrm{Ar}) & -186 & 6.3 \\ \text { Benzene }\left(\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_6\right) & 80.1 & 31.0 \\ \text { Ethanol }\left(\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{OH}\right) & 78.3 & 39.3 \\ \text { Diethyl ether }\left(\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{OC}_2 \mathrm{H}_5\right) & 34.6 & 26.0 \\ \text { Mercury }\left(\mathrm{Hg}^2\right) & 357 & 59.0 \\ \text { Methane }\left(\mathrm{CH}_4\right) & -164 & 9.2 \\ \text { Water }\left(\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}\right) & 100 & 40.79 \end{array}$$

Explain why the ratio is considerably smaller than $90 \mathrm{~J} / \mathrm{K} \cdot \mathrm{mol}$ for liquid $\mathrm{HF}$.

Write the common name for O$_3$.

The table below describes U.S. beer production for the period 2004–2015.

c. Recompute the simple index using 2010 as the base period. Plot the two indexes on the same graph. What pattern do you observe?

Find the greatest common factor. 30,55

The number of vehicles sold in the United States (in millions) for each year is shown in the table below, along with the proportion of those vehicles that were made by General Motors.

$$\begin{array}{lcc} \text { Year } & \text { Cars Sold (millions) } & \text { Percent GM } \\ \hline 1950 & 6.0 & 50.2 \\ 1955 & 7.8 & 50.4 \\ 1960 & 7.3 & 44.0 \\ 1965 & 10.3 & 49.9 \\ 1970 & 10.1 & 39.5 \\ 1975 & 10.8 & 43.1 \\ 1980 & 11.5 & 44.0 \end{array}$$

$$\begin{array}{ccc} \text { Year } & \text { Cars Sold (millions) } & \text { Percent GM } \\ \hline 1985 & 15.4 & 40.1 \\ 1990 & 13.5 & 36.0 \\ 1995 & 15.5 & 31.7 \\ 2000 & 17.4 & 28.6 \\ 2005 & 16.9 & 26.9 \\ 2010 & 11.6 & 19.1 \\ 2015 & 17.5 & 17.6 \end{array}$$

To find the answers to the following questions, use a statistical software programme. Is the number of cars sold directly or indirectly related to GM’s percentage of the market? Draw a scatter diagram to show your conclusion.

If P(A)=0.5, P(B)=0.4, and A and B are mutually exclusive, Find P(A or B). P(A or B)=____

What bargain does Tom make with the stranger in the forest?

The acidity of a substance is determined by its concentration of $\mathrm{H}^{+}$ ions. Because the $\mathrm{H}^{+}$ concentration of substances can vary by several orders of magnitude, the logarithmic pH scale is used to induce acidity. pH can be calculated by $\mathrm{pH}=-\log \left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]$, where $\left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]$ is the concentration of $\mathrm{H}^{+}$ ions in moles per liter.

$$\begin{matrix} \text{Item} & \text{pH}\\ \text{ammonia} & \text{11.0}\\ \text{baking soda} & \text{8.3}\\ \text{human blood} & \text{7.4}\\ \text{water} & \text{7.0}\\ \text{milk} & \text{6.6}\\ \text{apples} & \text{3.0}\\ \text{lemon juice} & \text{20}\\ \end{matrix}$$

How many times as acidic is milk than human blood?