Each salesperson at Puchett, Sheets and Hogan Insurance Agency receives one of three sales aptitude ratings: below average, average, or above average. Each salesman is also given a rating based on how likely they are to advance: fair, good, or excellent. The following table shows how these characteristics for the 500 salespeople were cross-classified. What is the name of this table?

	Potential for Advancement	Potential for Advancement	Potential for Advancement
Sales Ability	Fair	Good	Excellent
Below average	16	12	22
Average	45	60	45
Above average	93	72	135

Many observational studies conclude that low-fat diets protect against cancer and cardiovascular "events" (heart attacks, stroke, and so forth). Experimental results, however, are generally negative. In 2006, the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) published its results. This was a large-scale randomized trial on women who had reached menopause. As one part of the study, 48,835 women were randomized: 19,541 were assigned to the treatment group and put on a low-fat diet. The other 29,294 women were assigned to the control group and ate as they normally would. Subjects were followed for 8 years. Among other things, the investigators found that 1,357 women on the low-fat diet experienced at least one cardiovascular event, compared to 2,088 in the control group. can the difference between the two groups be explained by chance? What do you conclude about the effect of the low-fat diet?

Describe a buffered solution. Give three examples of buffered solutions. For each of your examples, write equations and explain how the components of the buffered solution consume added strong acids or bases. Why is buffering of solutions in biological systems so important?

S.B. is a $17$-year-old man who lost control of his sport utility vehicle and struck a tree. Witnesses reported he was not restrained, and his face hit the windshield on impact. When paramedics arrived, S.B. was responsive but confused, had significant facial swelling, and complained of pain in his right wrist and left forearm. The paramedics initiated cervical spine precautions, strapped him to a backboard, started oxygen at $15 \mathrm{~L} / \mathrm{min}$ via a nonrebreather mask, and started a 16 -gauge IV with $0.9 \%$ normal saline. His vital signs were $120 / 75,125,36$, and $\mathrm{SaO}_2 94 \%$. On arrival to the local emergency department (ED) 5 minutes later, his VS were $110/62$, $110$ regular, $28$ to $32$ and shallow, and $\mathrm{SaO}_2 99 \%$. An additional 16-gauge IV was inserted and the following labs were drawn: CBC, type and crossmatch, complete metabolic panel, PT/ PTT INR, and alcohol level. The trauma physician completed a head-to-toe assessment and found the following:

Physician Note

Obeys commands, responds to voice but not oriented to time or place. Generalized facial edema with full-thickness $2$-cm cheek laceration and bilateral mandibular depressed fractures. Blood behind left tympanic membrane, edema with slight discoloration over left mastoid process. Clear drainage coming from the left nare. Mid to upper chest contusions without crepitus, breath sounds clear. Abdomen slightly firm but not tender. Catheterized for $500$ mL clear yellow urine; negative for blood, glucose, ketones. Positive deformity of right wrist and diffuse tenderness of left lower forearm.

What are the symptoms of a posterior fossa fracture (fracture of temporal petrous bone), and how does it compare to a BSF?

Use the term in one of the sentences.

Disability insurance

a. The personnel department may use a $\underline{~~~~?~~~~}$ to compare the salaries of various jobs.
b. $\underline{~~~~?~~~~}$ may include the cost of advertising in the newspaper.
c. Paid vacations and holidays are $\underline{~~~~?~~~~}$ that most businesses give their employees.
d. When training sessions are held during work hours, the cost of $\underline{~~~~?~~~~}$ is one of the expenses.
e. If a job requires travel, the employee may be reimbursed for $\underline{~~~~?~~~~}$ which include transportation, lodging, and meals.
f. A $\underline{~~~~?~~~~}$ is a raise in an employee’s salary.
g. $\underline{~~~~?~~~~}$ pays benefits to an individual who must miss work due to an illness or injury.

A South African paper company, SAPC Limited (SAPC), reports noncurrent Interest-Bearing Borrowings of $1,634 million at September 30, Year 6. SAPC applies IFRS and reports its results in millions of U.S. dollars. At September 30, Year 7, this balance had increased to$1,828 million. Assume that on March 30, Year 7, SAPC borrowed $1,200 million from a local bank. The loan bears interest at an annual rate of 7.5% and is due on March 31, Year 9. Assume also that SAPC makes its interest payments once per year on the last day of March. SAPC’s fiscal year begins October 1 and ends on September 30. The firm closes its books on September 30 of each year. a. What journal entry did SAPC record for the repayment of debt during the fiscal year ending September 30, Year 7?

Solve the application problem. Assume a sales commission of $1 per bond, unless indicated otherwise, and use the table for corporate bonds. Round the rate to the nearest tenth of a percent.

Bernice Clarence places$45,000 in a bond fund that is currently yielding 8% compounded annually. (a) Find interest for the first year. (b) She decides to let all interest payments remain in the account. Find the amount in the account after 10 years if the fund continues to earn 8% compounded annually.

Suppose that the electricity in your home has gone out and the power company will not be able to have you hooked up again for several days. The freezer in the basement contains several hundred dollars' worth of food that you cannot afford to let spoil. You have also been experiencing very hot, humid weather and would like to keep one room air-conditioned with a window air conditioner, as well as run the refrigerator in your kitchen. When the appliances are on, they draw the following currents (all values are rms):

$$\begin{aligned} \text { Air conditioner: } & 9.6 \mathrm{~A} @ 120 \mathrm{~V} \\ & \mathrm{pf}=0.90 \text { (lagging) } \\ \text { Freezer: } & 4.2 \mathrm{~A} @ 120 \mathrm{~V} \\ & \mathrm{pf}=0.87 \text { (lagging) } \\ \text { Refrigerator: } & 3.5 \mathrm{~A} @ 120 \mathrm{~V} \\ & \mathrm{pf}=0.80 \text { (lagging) }\end{aligned}$$

In the worst-case scenario, how much power must an emergency generator supply?

In $1948$, Father Terminiello, a Roman Catholic priest, arrived to make a speech at a Chicago auditorium. Outside the auditorium about $300$ people were picketing his speech. Inside, Terminiello criticized Jews and African Americans, as well as the crowd outside. By the time his speech was finished, $1,500$ people had gathered outside. A police line prevented the protesters from entering the building. However, the "howling mob" outside was throwing stones and bricks at the building, and the police were unable to maintain control. The crowd was also yelling at and harassing people who came to hear Terminiello speak. Terminiello was arrested and charged with disorderly conduct under an ordinance forbidding any breach of the peace. He was convicted, and his conviction was upheld in the Illinois courts. However, in a $5$-to-$4$ decision, the U.S. Supreme Court reversed his conviction, ruling that the breach of the peace ordinance was vague and punished some speech that should have been protected.

What did the U.S. Supreme Court decide in this case? Why ?

Some farmers and home gardeners use ladybird beetles (ladybugs) to get rid of pests, such as aphids and other small insects, on their crops. This is an example of (a) integrated pest management (b) biological pest control (c) an invasive species (d) a broad spectrum pesticide

Let $X_1, . . . , X_n$ be i.i.d. with mean $\mu$, variance $\sigma^2$, and MGF $M$. Let

$$Z _ { n } = \sqrt { n } ( \frac { \overline { X } _ { n } - \mu } { \sigma } )$$

(a) Show that $Z_n$ is a standardized quantity, i.e., it has mean 0 and variance 1. (b) Find the MGF of $Z_n$ in terms of $M$, the MGF of each $X_j$ .

According to the article "First-Year Academic Success: A Prediction Combining Cognitive and Psychosocial Variables for Caucasian and African American Students" (Journal of College Student Development [1999]: 599-605), there is a mild correlation between high school GPA (x) and first-year college GPA (y). The data can be summarized as follows: An alternative formula for computing the correlation coefficient that is based on raw data and is algebraically equivalent to the one given in the text is Use this formula to compute the value of the correlation coefficient, and interpret this value. $n=2600 \quad \sum x=9620 \quad \sum y=7436$, $\sum x y=27,918 \quad \sum x^{2}=36,168 \quad \sum y^{2}=23,145$, $r=\frac{\sum x y-\frac{\left(\sum x\right)\left(\sum y\right)}{n}}{\sqrt{\sum x^{2}-\frac{\left(\sum x\right)^{2}}{n}} \sqrt{\sum y^{2}-\frac{\left(\sum y\right)^{2}}{n}}}$.

The business of taxi medallions, required licenses fastened to the hood of all New York City cabs, has proven itself to be a valuable investment. The average price for a corporate-license taxi medallion in New York has risen from about $\$ 200,000$ in 2001 to $\$ 753,000$ in 2009. The exponential function

$$M(x)=200,000(1.1802)^x,$$

where $x$ is the number of years since 2001 and models the data for the average price of a medallion in recent years. Estimate the price of a taxi medallion in 2003, 2007, and in 2013. Round to the nearest dollar.

The $5^{\prime}$ end of some bacterial regulatory RNAs are linked to the $3^{\prime}-$ OH group of the adenosine residue of NAD$^{+}$. Propose a biological function for the modification and explain how the activity of the modified RNA might reflect the cell's overall metabolic activity.