Escape velocity from the Earth is $11.2 \mathrm{~km} / \mathrm{s}$. What would be the percent decrease in length of a $73.6\mathrm{~m}$ long spacecraft traveling at that speed as seen from Earth?

The climactic moment in the film “The Eggplant That Ate New Jersey” comes when the brilliant young scientist announces his discovery of the equation for the volume of the eggplant: $V\left(\mathrm{ft}^{3}\right)=3.53 \times 10^{-2} \exp \left(2 t^{2}\right)$ where t is the time in hours from the moment the vampire injected the eggplant with a solution prepared from the blood of the beautiful dental hygienist. a) What are the units of $3.53 \times 10^{-2}$ and 2? b)

New York is roughly $3000$ miles from Seattle. When it is $10:00$ A.M. in Seattle, it is $1:00$ P.M. in New York. Using this information, estimate (a) the rotational speed of the surface of Earth, (b) the circumference of Earth, and (c) the radius of Earth.

Suppose your spaceship passes Earth at nearly the speed of light, and Earth observers tell you that your ship appears to be contracted. Comment on the idea of checking their observation by measuring the spaceship yourself.

The masses of the Earth and Moon are $5.98 \times 10^{24} \mathrm{kg}$ and $7.35 \times 10^{22} \mathrm{kg},$ respectively, and their centers are separated by $3.84 \times 10^{8} \mathrm{m} .$ What can you say about the motion of the Earth-Moon system about the Sun, and of the Earth and Moon separately about the Sun?

The nearest star to Earth is Proxima Centauri, 4.3 lightyears away. At what constant velocity must a spacecraft travel from Earth if it is to reach the star in 4.0 years, as measured by travelers on the spacecraft?

The phases of the moon are caused by the relative positions of Earth, the sun, and the moon. Lunar phases refer to the appearance of the illuminated portion of the moon as seen by an observer on Earth. When the moon is aligned with and between Earth and the sun, which phase is happening? A. full moon B. new moon C. first quarter moon D. third quarter moon

Earth takes 365.25 days to travel one full revolution around the Sun. By approximately how many degrees does the Earth travel each day in its orbit around the Sun?

The Moon orbits Earth in an elliptical path with the center of the Earth at one focus. The major axis of the orbit is $774,000$ kilometers, and the minor axis is $773,000$ kilometers. $\\$ a. Using$(0,0)$as the center of the ellipse, write the standard equation for the orbit of the Moon around Earth.$$

The nearest star to Earth is Proxima Centauri, $4.3$ lightyears away.(a) At what constant velocity must a spacecraft travel from Earth if it is to reach the star in $4.6$ years, as measured by travelers on the spacecraft?

Solve. See the example in this chapter.

The ratio of the weight of an object on Earth to the weight of the same object on Pluto is $100$ to $3$. If an elephant weighs $4100$ pounds on Earth, find the elephant's weight on Pluto.

Escape velocity from the Earth is $11.2 \mathrm{~km} / \mathrm{s}$. What would be the percent decrease in length of a $68.2 \mathrm{~m}$ long spacecraft traveling at that speed as seen from Earth?

A Newton's ring apparatus consists of a plano-convex glass lens that has a radius of curvature $R$ and rests on a flat glass plate, as shown in Figure 33-42. The thin film is air of variable thickness. The apparatus is illuminated from above by a sodium lamp with a wavelength equal to $590 \mathrm{~nm}$. The pattern is viewed by reflected light. Show that for a thickness $t$ the condition for a bright (constructive) interference ring is $2 t=\left(m+\frac{1}{2}\right) \lambda$, where $m=0,1,2, \ldots$.

How long does it take a beam of light to reach Earth from the Sun when the Sun is 93,000,000 miles from Earth? Express your answer in seconds, using scientific notation.