A twisted zipper is used as a model of eukaryotic DNA. How could the model be developed to represent DNA replication in eukaryotes? Describe the limitations of merely zipping and unzipping the zipper.

What is the role of DNA polymerase in the process of DNA replication?

What is the role of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?

Explain why the structure of a DNA molecule is often described as a zipper.

How are RNA and DNA similar? How do they differ?

Use the paragraph and table to answer the question. A researcher studying fruit flies finds a fly with brown-colored eyes. Almost all fruit flies in nature have bright red eyes. When the researcher crosses the brown-eyed fly with a red-eyed fly, all of the $F_{1}$ offspring have red eyes. The researcher then crosses two of the $F_{1}$ red-eyed files and obtains the following results in the $F_{2}$ generation.

$$\begin{matrix} \text{ } & \text{Results of Eye Color Experiment} & \text{ }\\ \text{Phenotype} & \text{Number of Flies in} F_2 \text{Generation}\\ \text{Red Eyes} & \text{37}\\ \text{Brown Eyes} & \text{14}\\ \end{matrix}$$

Propose genotypes for the fruit flies in the P generation and the $F_{1}$ generation. Then draw a Punnett square to describe the $F_{2}$ generation.

How is molecular biology related to genetics?

Consider an object containing 6 one-dimensional oscillators (this object could represent a model of 2 atoms in an Einstein solid). There are 4 quanta of vibrational energy in the object. How many microstates are there, all with the same energy?

If a DNA sample contains 25 percent adenine (A), what percent of thymine, cytosine, and guanine must it contain? Use Chargaff's rule to construct your answer.

In the 1940s, many scientists were convinced that a protein was the genetic material. Refute this claim using the experiments in this lesson.

Why is it useful for the base pairs of DNA to be held together by hydrogen bonds and not covalent bonds?

(a) Calculate the minimum uncertainty in the momentum of an object for which the uncertainty in position is $3\;\mathrm{Å}$. To what minimum uncertainty in velocity does this correspond if the particle is (b) a neutron (mass = 1.0087 amu) and (c) an electron $(\mathrm{mass}=5.486\times10^{-4}\;\mathrm{amu})$?

Describe the discoveries that led to the modeling of DNA.

How did Watson and Crick make a useful inference from Franklin's X-ray studies of DNA?