Examine each of the following questions for possible bias. If you think the question is biased, indicate how and propose a better question.

Do you think high school students should be required to wear uniforms?

Examine the question for possible bias. If you think the question is biased, indicate how and propose a better question. Given humanity's great tradition of exploration, do you favor continued funding for space flights?

Examine each of the following questions for possible bias. If you think the question is biased, indicate how and propose a better question. a) Should companies that pollute the environment be compelled to pay the costs of cleanup? b) Given that 18-year-olds are old enough to vote and to serve in the military, is it fair to set the drinking age at 21?

For the following reports about statistical studies, identify the following items (if possible). If you can’t tell, then say so—this often happens when we read about a survey. a) The population b) The population parameter of interest c) The sampling frame d) The sample e) The sampling method, including whether or not randomization was employed f) Any potential sources of bias you can detect and any problems you see in generalizing to the population of interest. Researchers waited outside a bar they had randomly selected from a list of such establishments. They stopped every 10th person who came out of the bar and asked whether he or she thought drinking and driving was a serious problem.

A local TV station conducted a “PulsePoll” about the upcoming mayoral election. Evening news viewers were invited to phone in their votes, with the results to be announced on the latenight news. Based on the phone calls, the station predicted that Amabo would win the election with 52% of the vote. They were wrong: Amabo lost, getting only 46% of the vote. Do you think the station’s faulty prediction is more likely to be a result of bias or sampling error? Explain

Major League Baseball tests players to see whether they are using performance-enhancing drugs. Officials select a team at random, and a drug-testing crew show up unannounced to test all 40 players on the team. Each testing day can be considered a study of drug use in Major League Baseball. a) What kind of sample is this? b) Is that choice appropriate?

Administrators at Texas A&M University were interested in estimating the percentage of students who are the first in their family to go to college. The A&M student body has about 46,000 members. For each scenario, identify the kind of sample used by the university administrators: i. Select several dormitories at random and contact everyone living in the selected dorms. ii. Using a computer-based list of registered students, contact 200 freshmen, 200 sophomores, 200 juniors, and 200 seniors selected at random from each class. iii. Using a computer-based alphabetical list of registered students, select one of the first 25 on the list by random and then contact the student whose name is 50 names later, and then every 50 names beyond that.

The company plans to have the head of each corporate division hold a meeting of their employees to ask whether they are happy on their jobs. They will ask people to raise their hands to indicate whether they are happy. What problems do you see with this plan?

How long is your arm compared with your hand size? Put your right thumb at your left shoulder bone, stretch your hand open wide, and extend your hand down your arm. Put your thumb at the place where your little finger is, and extend down the arm again. Repeat this a third time. Now your little finger will probably have reached the back of your left hand. If your arm is less than four hand widths, turn your hand sideways and count finger widths until you reach the end of your middle finger. a) How many hand and finger widths is your arm? b) Suppose you repeat your measurement 10 time s and average your results . What parameter would this average estimate? What is the population? c) Suppose you now collect arm lengths measured in this way from 9 friends and average these 10 measurements. What is the population now? What parameter would this average estimate? d) Do you think these 10 arm lengths are likely to be representative of the population of arm lengths in your community? In the country? Why or why not?

Examine each of the following questions for possible bias. If you think the question is biased, indicate how and propose a better question. a) Should companies that pollute the environment be compelled to pay the costs of cleanup? b) Given that 18-year-olds are old enough to vote and to serve in the military, is it fair to set the drinking age at 21?

Examine each of the following questions for possible bias. If you feel the question is biased, show how and propose a better question.

b) Provided humanity's great tradition of exploration, do you favor continued funding for space flights?

Examine the question for possible bias. If you think the question is biased, indicate how and propose a better question. Do you think high school students should be required to wear uniforms?

Examine each of the following questions for possible bias. If you think the question is biased, indicate how and propose a better question. a) Should companies that pollute the environment be compelled to pay the costs of cleanup? b) Given that 18-year-olds are old enough to vote and to serve in the military, is it fair to set the drinking age at 21?

Administrators at Texas A&M University were interested in estimating the percentage of students who are the first in their family to go to college. The A&M student body has about 46,000 members. How might the administrators answer their question by applying the three Big Ideas?