For the sentence below, determine whether the underlined pronoun makes the sentence unclear because of an indefinite reference. If the sentence is unclear, write U over the pronoun. If it is clear, write C.

We learned in our British literature class, however, that in Shakespeare’s day, the stage was relatively bare and did not have elaborate backdrops or sets on $\underline{\text{it}}$.

We have come to the conclusion that the temples of the idols among [the English people should on no account be destroyed. The idols are to be destroyed, but the temples themselves are to be aspersed [sprinkled] with holy water, altars set up in them, and relics deposited there ... In this way, we hope that the people, seeing that their temples are not destroyed, may abandon their error ... may come to know and adore the true God. -Pope Gregory the Great, Message to Bishop Augustine, 601

Why did Pope Gregory instruct the English bishop not to destroy pagan temples?

Write two definitions for each key term: inauguration, precedent, bond, speculator, unconstitutional, tariff . First, write a formal definition for your teacher. Second, write a definition in everyday English for a classmate

According to the National Education Association (NEA), teachers generally spend more than 40 hours each week working on instructional duties (NEA website, April 2012). The following data show the number of hours worked per week for a sample of 13 high school science teachers and a sample of 11 high school English teachers.

High School Science Teachers: $53 \ 56\ 54 \ 54 \ 55\ 58\ 49\ 61\ 54 \ 54 \ 52 \ 53 \ 54$ High School English Teachers:

$$\quad \begin{array}{llllllllllll}52 & 47 & 50 & 46 & 47 & 48 & 49 & 46 & 55 & 44 & 47\end{array}$$

b. What is the median number of hours worked per week for the sample of 11 high school English teachers?

Let N(x) be the statement “x has visited North India,” where the domain consists of the students in your section. Express each of these quantifications in English. a) ∃xN(x), b) ∀xN(x), c) ¬∃xN(x), d) ∃x¬N(x), e) ¬∀xN(x), f ) ∀x¬N(x)

Translate each of these nested quantifications into an English statement that expresses a mathematical fact. The domain in each case consists of all real numbers. a) ∃x∀y(xy = y) b) ∀x∀y(((x < 0) ∧ (y < 0)) → (xy > 0)) c) ∃x∃y((x² > y) ∧ (x < y)) d) ∀x∀y∃z(x + y = z)

Let P (x) be the statement “x spends more than five hours every weekday in class,” where the domain for x consists of all students.

Express each of these quantifications in English.

a) ∃xP (x)

b) ∀xP (x)

c) ∃x ¬P (x)

d) ∀x ¬P (x)

Suppose that when a string of English text is encrypted using a shift cipher f (p) = (p + k) mod 26, the resulting ciphertext is DY CVOOZ ZOBMRKXMO DY NBOKW. What was the original plaintext string?

Perform each conversion between the metric and English systems.

(a) $40.0 \mathrm{~cm}$ to inches

(b) $27.8 \mathrm{~m}$ to feet

(c) $10.0 \mathrm{~km}$ to miles

(d) $3845 \mathrm{~kg}$ to pounds

Hydride reduction (with $\mathrm{LiAlH}_{4} \text { or } \mathrm{NaBH}_{4}$) of each of the following ketones has been reported in the chemical literature and gives a mixture of two diastereomeric alcohols in each case. Give the structures of both alcohol products for each ketone. (a) (S)-3-Phenyl-2-butanone (b) 4-tert-Butylcyclohexanone

Nobel Lists John Steinbeck was a much recognized writer, having won the Pulitzer Prize and the National Book Award as well as the Nobel Prize. Using this text and technical resources, find listings of the Nobel laureates, or honorees, for literature. Make your own list of laureates whose works you've read or would like to read.

(a) rewrite the statement in English without using the symbol

$$\forall$$

or

$$\exists$$

or variables and expressing your answer as simply as possible, and (b) write a negation for the statement.

$$\exists$$

a book b such that

$$\forall$$

people p, p has read b.

In addition to general dictionaries and thesauri, language references include the following types of books:

$$\begin{array}{l} \text{Type of} & \text{Uses} & \text{Example}\\ \text{Language} & \text{ } & \text{ }\\ \text{Reference} & \text{ } & \text{ }\\ \hline \text{Usage } & \text{To understand the subtle differences in how} & \text{Fowler's Dictionary of Modern}\\ \text{dictionary} & \text{similar words are used in actual language} & \text{English Usage}\\ \text{History of } & \text{To find detailed information about a word's origin} & \text{Concise Oxford Dictionary of}\\ \text{Language} & \text{ } & \text{English Etymology}\\ \text{ } & \text{To learn about a word named after a person} & \text{New Dictionary of Eponyms}\\ \text{Other} & \text{To find the meaning of common English} & \text{Oxford Dictionaries of ldioms}\\ \text{specialized} & \text{expressions} & \text{ }\\ \text{dictionaries} & \text{To find a rhyme for a word} & \text{Oxford Dictionaries of Rhymes}\\ \text{ } & \text{To understand the meaning of a foreign word or} & \text{Oxford Essential Dictionary of}\\ \text{ } & \text{phrase in an English text} & \text{Foreign Terms in English}\\ \text{Book of} & \text{To find a famous quotation that contains a certain} & \text{Bartlett's Familiar Quotations}\\ \text{Quotations} & \text{word or is associated with a certain person} & \text{ }\\ \end{array}$$

Answer each question below based on the information in the chart above. Where could you find out the difference between regretful and regrettable?

Write each compound statement in symbolic form . Let letters assigned to the simple statements represent English sentences that are not negated. If the lines go down or the transformer blows then we do not have power.