Free Speech

Rini is running for student council and has placed flyers on all the cars and inside the campus buildings. The principal suspended her for doing this without permission. Rini argued she is entitled to free speech under the First Amendment.

You Debate Does free speech extend to flyers posted for a student election?

After the unauthorized release and posting of classi- fied U.S. government documents to WikiLeaks.org, allegedly involving Bradley Manning, a U.S. Army private first class, the U.S. government began a criminal investigation. The government obtained a court order to require Twitter, Inc., to turn over subscriber information and communications to and from the e-mail addresses of Birgitta Jonsdottir and others. The court sealed the order and the other documents in the case, reasoning that “there exists no right to public notice of all the types of documents filed in a . . . case.” Jonsdottir and the others appealed this decision. [In re Application of the United States of America for an Order Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 2703(d), 707 F.3d 283 (4th Cir. 2013)]

(a) Why would the government want to “seal” the documents of an investigation? Why would the individuals under investigation want those documents to be “unsealed”? What factors should be considered in striking a balance between these competing interests?

Eyewitness

Alex witnessed a mugging on his way home but did not stop to get involved. Other witnesses saw Alex leaving the area. Later Alex saw on TV that the police were asking for witnesses to the mugging to come forward and give a statement.

You Debate Can the law force Alex to give a statement?

Lost Wallet

As you walked down the street you found a wallet full of money on the ground. You placed an ad in the lost and found section of the local paper. After a month of running the ad no one has responded to it.

You Debate Is it your ethical duty to find the rightful owner?

On a sheet of paper, use each of these terms in a sentence.

Key Terms

• morality • common law • alternative dispute resolution (ADR) • ethics • statute • arrest • justice • administrative law • bail
• law • jurisdiction • arraignment • constitution • appellate court • detention hearing

Academic Vocabulary

• empathy • permissible • prevalent • informal • mediator • jeopardy

Rewrite the sentence below to correct errors in the use and placement of quotation marks, commas, and periods.

In the chapter Bioluminescence, Ellis explains that the light may serve several purposes.

Read this excerpt of Senate Document 105-14 entitled “How Our Laws Are Made” and complete questions 1 and 2.

“Laws may be initiated in either chamber of Congress, the House of Representatives or the Senate. For this example, we will track a bill introduced in the House of Representatives. When a representative has an idea for a new law, s/he becomes the sponsor of that bill and introduces it by giving it to the clerk of the House or by placing it in a box, called the hopper. The clerk assigns a legislative number to the bill, with H.R. for bills introduced in the House of Representatives and S. for bills introduced in the Senate. The Government Printing Office (GPO) then prints the bill and distributes copies to each representative.”

1. The first step for a new law is

What are the steps in a criminal prosecution?

Read this excerpt of Senate Document 105-14 entitled “How Our Laws Are Made” and complete questions 1 and 2.

“Laws may be initiated in either chamber of Congress, the House of Representatives or the Senate. For this example, we will track a bill introduced in the House of Representatives. When a representative has an idea for a new law, s/he becomes the sponsor of that bill and introduces it by giving it to the clerk of the House or by placing it in a box, called the hopper. The clerk assigns a legislative number to the bill, with H.R. for bills introduced in the House of Representatives and S. for bills introduced in the Senate. The Government Printing Office (GPO) then prints the bill and distributes copies to each representative.”

1. The first step for a new law is

What are the steps in a criminal prosecution?

The cognitive appraisal theory of emotion asserts what?

Academic Connection

Mathematics Create a table listing which of the 13 original colonies were represented in the 39 signatures to the U.S. Constitution. Calculate the percent that figure represents of the total participants.

Number and Operations: Using Fractions, Decimals, and Rounding. To figure out the problem, take the number for each category and divide by the total. For example,

$$\dfrac{8}{39}=.205$$

. Then change the decimal to a percent by moving the decimal to the right two spaces and adding a percent sign. Round numbers of 5 or more up and numbers less than 5 down. For example, .2045 rounds to 20.5% and .2044 rounds to 20.4%.

Explain the difference between a civil and a criminal case?

Explain the difference between morality and ethics?