Fructose is a sugar commonly found in fruit. A sample of fructose, $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_6$, weighing $4.50 \mathrm{~g}$ is burned in a bomb calorimeter. The heat capacity of the calorimeter is $2.115 \times 10^4 \mathrm{~J} /{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. The temperature in the calorimeter rises from $23.49^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ to $27.71^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. (a) What is $q$ for the calorimeter? (b) What is $q$ when $4.50 \mathrm{~g}$ of fructose is burned? (c) What is $q$ for the combustion of one mole of fructose?

For the given chemical reaction write a balanced chemical equation:

$$\text{Ca(OH)}_2+\text{H}_3\text{PO$_4$}\to\text{Ca}_3\text{(PO$_4$)}_2+\text{H}_2\text{O}\text{ (acid-base reaction)}$$

When $0.684$ g of an organic compound containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen was burned in oxygen, $1.312 \mathrm{~g}$ of $\mathrm{CO}_2$ and $0.805 \mathrm{~g}$ of $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$ were obtained. What is the empirical formula of the compound?

A 2.52-g sample of a compound containing only carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur is burned in excess oxygen to yield 4.23 g of $CO_2$ and 1.01 g of $H_2O$. Another sample of the same compound, of mass 4.14 g, yields 2.11 g of $SO_3$. A third sample, of mass 5.66 g, yields 2.27 g of $HNO_3$. Calculate the empirical formula of the compound.

Chlorine gas is a diatomic molecule, $Cl_2$. There are 6.00 mol of chlorine atoms in a sample of chlorine gas. How many moles of chlorine gas molecules is this?

How many moles of chlorine, Cl, are there in 8 moles of carbon tetrachloride, CCl$_4$?

What component of gasoline gives it such a high enthalpy of combustion?
a) hydrocarbons
b) hydrogen
c) carbon
d) magnesium
e) none of the above

What is the mass of one ${ }^{16} \mathrm{O}$ atom, in grams?

Determine the number of electron groups around the central atom for each molecule.

(a) $\mathrm{OF}_2$

What is the bond angle in $\ce{C2H2}$?

Which compound contains shortest nitrogen to nitrogen bond?

In the molecules $CO, C O_2$, and $C H_2 O$, which $C—O$ bond is the shortest? Which C—O bond is the strongest?

Which of the following statements about renewable resources is TRUE?
(A) They are found only in tropical climates.
(B) They can never be depleted.
(C ) They are replaceable by natural means.
(D) They regenerate quickly.

Indicate the hybridization of the central atom in

$$AlCl_4^-$$