Hospital length of stay. Health insurers and the federal government are both putting pressure on hospitals to shorten the average length of stay (LOS) of their patients. The average LOS in the United States is $4.5$ days (Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Statistical Brief, October 2014). A random sample of 20 hospitals in one state had a mean LOS of $3.8$ days and a standard deviation of $1.2$ days. Interpret the interval in terms of this application.

$$\textbf{ Problem Solving}\text{\ You are a healthcare worker in a clinic in the tropics. More people than usual have recently come into the clinic suffering from malaria.}$$

$$\textbf{\ \ a.}\text{ What are some questions you could ask your patients to try to track the source of this outbreak of malaria?}$$

$$\textbf{\ \ b.}\text{ What suggestions can you make to help reduce the occurrence of malaria in this area?}$$

MGM Resorts International owns and operates hotels and casinos including the MGM Grand and the Bellagio in Las Vegas, Nevada. As of a recent year, MGM reported accounts receivable of $415,654,000 and allowance for doubtful accounts of$93,760,000. Johnson & Johnson manufactures and sells a wide range of healthcare products including Band-Aids and Tylenol. As of a recent year, Johnson & Johnson reported accounts receivable of $10,114,000,000 and allowance for doubtful accounts of$340,000,000.

Discuss possible reasons for the difference in the two ratios computed in (a) and (b).

Suppose that Congress passes a law requiring employers to provide employees some benefit (such as healthcare) that raises the cost of an employee by $\$ 4$ per hour.

What effect does this employer mandate have on the demand for labor? (In answering this and the following questions, be quantitative when you can.)

Healthcare professionals cite an enormous number of health problems related to obesity, and many people have an understandable desire to attain a healthy weight. There are many diet programs, services, and products on the market to aid those who wish to lose weight. If a close friend was considering purchasing or participating in one of these products, programs, or services, how would you make sure your friend was fully aware of the potential consequences of this decision? What sort of information would you want to review before making such an investment or lifestyle change yourself?

MGM Resorts International owns and operates hotels and casinos including the MGM Grand and the Bellagio in Las Vegas, Nevada. As of a recent year, MGM reported accounts receivable of $415,654,000 and allowance for doubtful accounts of$93,760,000. Johnson & Johnson manufactures and sells a wide range of healthcare products including Band-Aids and Tylenol. As of a recent year, Johnson & Johnson reported accounts receivable of $10,114,000,000 and allowance for doubtful accounts of$340,000,000. c. Discuss possible reasons for the difference in the two ratios computed in (a) and (b)

See what kinds of thermometers you can find by taking a look around your house. Most homes have thermometers for use in the kitchen, outdoors, in healthcare settings, or indoors. Make the following notes for each thermometer: a.What scales of temperature are used? b. What is each thermometer's temperature range? c. What is the lowest temperature variation that each thermometer can detect? d. For each thermometer, what altering physical characteristic is employed to indicate a change in temperature?

MGM Resorts International owns and operates hotels and casinos including the MGM Grand and the Bellagio in Las Vegas, Nevada. As of a recent year, MGM reported accounts receivable of $415,654,000 and allowance for doubtful accounts of$93,760,000. Johnson & Johnson manufactures and sells a wide range of healthcare products including Band-Aids and Tylenol. As of a recent year, Johnson & Johnson reported accounts receivable of $10,114,000,000 and allowance for doubtful accounts of$340,000,000.

Suppose that the president proposes a new law aimed at reducing healthcare costs: All Americans are required to eat one apple daily. a. How would this apple-a-day law affect the demand and equilibrium price of apples? b. How would the law affect the marginal product and the value of the marginal product of apple pickers? c. How would the law affect the demand and equilibrium wage for apple pickers?

Abbreviations used in general disorders of the gastrointestinal system. Healthcare providers often use abbreviations when communicating verbally and in writing. Fill in the blank with the correct abbreviation from the provided word bank. LO 5.3, 5.A, 5.E

IBD IBS GI The patient has been diagnosed with ulcerative colitis, and therefore has a form of .

GfK Roper Consulting gathers information on consumer preferences around the world to help companies monitor attitudes about health, food, and healthcare products. They requested people in many different cultures how they felt about the following statement: I try to avoid eating fast foods. In a random sample of 800 respondents, 411 people were 35 years old or younger, and, of those, 197 agreed ( completely or somewhat), with the statement. Of the 389 people over 35 years old, 246 people agreed with the statement.

b) Provide a 90% confidence interval for the difference in proportions.

According to the Gallup Poll, $27\%$ of U.S. adults have high levels of cholesterol. Gallup reports that such elevated levels "could be financially devastating to the U.S. healthcare system" and are a major concern to health insurance providers. According to recent analyses, cholesterol levels in healthy U.S. adults average about $215 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL}$ with a standard deviation of about $30 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL}$ and are roughly Normally distributed. If the cholesterol levels of a sample of 42 healthy U.S. adults are taken,

a) What shape should the sampling distribution of the mean have?

The average length of stay (LOS) from U.S. short-stay hospitals for a sample of 25 male pneumonia patients was $5.5$ days with a standard deviation of $1.2$ days. For a sample of 25 females, the average LOS was $5.9$ days with a standard deviation of $2.2$ days. (a) Assuming equal variances, is there a significant difference at $\alpha=.10$ ? (b) Calculate the $p$-value using Excel.

Let's say the president of the United States wishes to estimate the percentage of the population that agrees with his present stance on changes to the healthcare system. The estimate must be within.04 of the actual proportion, according to the president. Count on a 95% level of certainty. The political advisers to the president located a comparable poll from two years prior that showed 60% of respondents were in favour of making changes to the health care system. Using this, find how large of a sample would be necessary if no estimate were available for the proportion supporting current policy?