How does an alpine glacier modify the valley through which it moves?

What part of a glacier moves fastest when the glacier moves by internal plastic flow?

a. The center of the glacier moves fastest.

b. The bottom of the glacier moves fastest.

c. The edges of the glacier move fastest.

d. The whole ice mass moves at the same speed.

As a glacier moves through a valley, it carves out $a(n)$

a. U shape.

c. V shape.

b. esker.

d. moraine.

Crevasses (deep fractures or cracks) form in glaciers because ____. Select one:

a. as the glacier moves over irregular topography, the brittle upper layer or zone of fracture is subject to tension and cracks above the ductile layer $\\$ b. as the glacier moves over irregular topography, cracks can form anywhere in the glacier but they are called "crevasses" only if they are near the surface$

$$c. there is not always the same amount of ice available in all areas so cracks form when the ice tries to move and fill in empty parts of the glacier$$

$$d. as the glacier moves over irregular topography the bottom of the glacier (known as the zone of fracture) cracks and the cracks propagate upward to the surface of the glacier$$

$ e. not all of the ice in a glacier moves downhill at the same rate in the glacier

Explain how an ice skate interacts with the ice surface. What mechanism acts to reduce sliding friction between skate and ice?

By about what percentage will the edge length of an ice cube decrease if the cube loses 6% of its volume by melting?

Define loess, explain how most loess deposits in the United States originated, and indicate another way that loess can be derived.

a. How does a glacier form?

b. How does a glacier move?

c. Why does the snow that forms a glacier change to ice?

Name and describe the two principal processes by which wind erosion occurs.

What is the most abundant gas associated with volcanic activity?

Describe how sand dunes migrate.

Briefly describe the way in which dunes form and migrate.

Which air mass contains cold, dry air? A. continental polar B. continental tropical C. maritime tropical D. maritime polar

a. What are two kinds of wind erosion? b. Explain how sediment particles of different sizes move during wind erosion. c. In a desert, soil containing a mixture of sand and small rocks is exposed to wind erosion. Over time, how would the land surface change? Explain.