How will the following changes affect the natural rate of unemployment?

The government reduces the time during which an unemployed worker can receive benefits.

Phosphorus-32 is a commonly used radioactive nuclide in biochemical research, particularly in studies of nucleic acids. The half-life of phosphorus-32 is 14.3 days. What mass of phosphorus-32 is left from an original sample of 175 $\mathrm { mg }$ of $\mathrm { Na } _ { 3 }\ ^{ 32 } \mathrm { PO } _ { 4 }$ after 35.0 days? Assume that the atomic mass of $^ { 32 } \mathrm { P }$ is 32.0 $\mathrm { u }.$

The director of graduate studies at a large college of business has the objective of predicting the grade point average (GPA) of students in an MBA program. The director begins by using the Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) score. A sample of 20 students who have completed two years in the program is selected and stored in GPIGMAT.

At the 0.05 level of significance, is there evidence of a linear relationship between GMAT score and GPA?

Which of the following is a potential problem with case studies? a. They provide too much detail, and the researcher is likely to lose track of the most important facts. b. They are generally too expensive to be feasible. c. The information learned may not apply to the wider population. d. They are technically difficult and most researcher don't have the skills to do them properly. e. The depended variable is difficult to operationally define in a case study.

For the following reports about statistical studies, identify the following items (if possible). lf you can't tell, then say so-this often happens when we read about a survey. A company packaging snack foods maintains quality control by randomly selecting 10 cases from each day's production and weighing the bags. Then they open one bag from each case and inspect the contents.

Cost of Massage Therapy Sessions. The Wall Street Journal reported on several studies that show massage therapy has a variety of health benefits and it is not too expensive. A sample of 10 typical one-hour massage therapy sessions showed an average charge of $\$ 59$. The population standard deviation for a one-hour session is $\sigma=\$ 5.50$.

b. Using $95 \%$ confidence, what is the margin of error?

Identify at least one potential source of bias in the following studies. Explain why the bias would or would not affect your view of the study.

Based on a survey of $2718$ people, the National Opinion Research Center concluded that $32 \%$ of Americans always make a special effort to sort and recycle glass, cans, plastic, or papers. Twenty-four percent of Americans often make such an effort.

In 2007, the FDA announced that the popular drug Zelnorm used to tr eat irritable bowel syndrome was withdrawn from the market , citing concerns about serious side effects. The analysis of several studies revealed that 13 of 11,614 patients receiving the drug had a serious side effect such as heart attack or stroke, compared to just 1 out of 7,031 on placebo.

Compute the odds ratio and interpret.

In the attachment studies conducted with infant monkeys, what did the Harlows find? a. Nutrition was the most important factor in attachment. b. Contact comfort was the most important factor in attachment. c. The surrogate mother’s appearance was the most important attachment factor. Monkeys were equally likely to become attached to either surrogate mother. e. The monkeys didn’t form attachments to the surrogate mothers.

Ministry of Natural Resources could study the effects on bats, butterflies, migratory birds. and aquatic species. The studies are now close to completion. allowing a number of wind farm projects to seek approval once again. Research the various stakeholders and their viewpoints. Stakeholders may include, but are not limited to, residents of the area, government, and electric generation companies. What role does the government play in the development of projects like these?

Studies show that the concentration of PCBs is much higher in malignant breast tissue than in normal breast tissue. If a study of 50 women with breast cancer reveals an average PCB concentration of $22.8 \times 10^{-4} \operatorname{gram},$ with a standard deviation of $4.8 \times 10^{-4} \mathrm{gram},$ is the mean concentration of PCBs less than $24 \times 10^{-4} \text { gram? }$

In 2007, the FDA announced that the popular drug Zelnorm used to tr eat irritable bowel syndrome was withdrawn from the market , citing concerns about serious side effects. The analysis of several studies revealed that 13 of 11,614 patients receiving the drug had a serious side effect such as heart attack or stroke, compared to just 1 out of 7,031 on placebo.

Compute the relative risk and interpret.

For statistical studies, U.S. states are often grouped by region: Northeast, Midwest, South, and West. The 1965 total public school enrollment (in millions) in each region was 8.8, 11.8, 13.8, and 7.6, respectively. The projected 2020 enrollment was 7.8, 10.8, 20.4, and 13 .6, respectively. Use two pie graphs to present this data and discuss any trends suggested by your graphs.

Because bismuth has several well-characterized solid, crystalline phases, it is used to calibrate instruments employed in high-pressure studies. The following phase diagram for bismuth shows the liquid phase and five different solid phases stable above $1 \mathrm{katm}(1000 \mathrm{~atm})$ and up to $300^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$.
(d) What phases are present at each of the triple points?