If you have trouble sleeping, you are in good company: About 50 million American adults suffer from sleep deprivation. Some causes, such as drinking caffeine in the evening, are avoidable. Certain medical conditions, such as asthma and depression, can interfere with sleep-and so can some medications. Sleep deprivation is something you should take seriously. It can leave you without the energy or physical strength to meet the day's demands. You may find it harder to think clearly, to solve problems, or to remember things, too. Irritability, moodiness, and anxiety often can be traced to a lack of sleep

The passage explains that sleep deprivation may result in-

A. moodiness and an inability to solve problems.

B. asthma and emotional irritability.

C. weight loss and anxiety.

D. anxiety and an increased need for medication.

Draw Conclusions: O. Henry says that these "two foolish children" were "the wisest." How do you think he would define wisdom? Explain your response.

Use a word from the vocabulary list to fill in the blank in each sentence. Then, explain the context clues, or key words and phrases, in each sentence that helped you.

She tried to climb, but her high heels made her efforts _____

Which of the following is not part of this story's setting?

A. a quiz bowl

B. Nicole's home

C. a football game

D. the beginning of the school year

Tell whether the sentence below makes sense. Use the meaning of the italicized vocabulary word to explain your answer.

The audience was bored by the comedian's brilliant $\underline{\text{retort}}$.

(a) Who is the narrator of the story?

(b) How does the narrator's unique perspective on events help develop the character of the grandmother and the characters of other family members?

(c) How does the narrator's perspective help develop the conflict between the grandmother and other family members?

Identify the principal part of the underlined verb.

Now he is $\underline{\text{running }}$ toward a cliff.

Use the correct form of the verb in parentheses.

Jim (choose) a set of combs for Della.

Practice A Look up each word in a print, digital, or online dictionary. Identify the original Greek, Latin, or Old Norse source word and its meaning.

salute

The career of Bessie Coleman, the first African American pilot, began with a joke. When her brother John came home after World War I, he laughed about French women who were pilots. Inspired, Coleman went to France in 1920 and finished the ten-month training course in seven months. Coleman soon was performing in air shows in the United States, attracting crowds with her stunts. She also started plans for a flight school for African Americans. A test plane's malfunction ended her life in 1926, but Coleman's dream of a flight school was fulfilled by others.

Which of the following would not be a reasonable inference, based on the passage?

A. Coleman wanted to help other people fulfill their dreams.

B. Since Coleman's time, other African Americans have become pilots.

C. After World War I, the only jobs for pilots were in air shows.

D. It takes several months of training for a person to become a pilot.

Tell whether each sentence below makes sense. Use the meaning of the italicized vocabulary word to explain your answer.

Alan went to the interview $\underline{\text{or}}$disheveled and wearing a new suit.

Use a chart like the one shown to analyze cause and effect in this story.

(a) Note two causes for Waverly's success with chess.

(b) List three effects of her success.

Causes --> Waverly is successful at chess --> effects

Make a chart with three columns.

(a) Compare: In the first column, write a list of sad details in the story.

(b) Connect: In the second column, write the details that add humor to the story.

(c) Discuss and Evaluate: Share your chart with a partner and discuss your responses. Then, in the third column, explain whether you think the story is sad, funny, or both.

(a) Considering the cause of their predicament, do you think the two men deserved their fate? Why or why not?

(b) Share your ideas with a partner and then explain how your answer has grown or changed.