In a study of patients arriving at a hospital emergency room, the gender of the patients is considered, together with whether the patients are younger or older than 30 years of age, and whether or not the patients are admitted to the hospital. It is found that $45\%$ of the patients are male, $30\%$ of the patients are younger than 30 years of age, $15\%$ of the patients are females older than 30 years of age who are admitted to the hospital, and $21\%$ of the patients are females younger than 30 years of age. What proportion of the patients are females older than 30 years of age who are not admitted to the hospital?

A driver makes an emergency stop and inadvertently locks up the brakes of the car, which skids to a stop on dry concrete. Consider the effect of heavy rain on this scenario. Using the values in Table 1, determine how much farther the car would skid (expressed as a percentage of the dry-weather skid) if the concrete were wet instead. What does this question imply about driving safely?

Table 1 Coeffi cients of Kinetic Friction for Rubber on Concrete

Suppose an emergency van has a single-tone siren with the pitch of the musical note $\mathrm{G}$. If the van is traveling at $80 \mathrm{mph}$ approaching a standing observer, name the pitch the observer hears (rounded to the nearest tenth) and the musical note closest to that pitch.

Pitch of an Octave of Musical Notes in Hertz $(\mathrm{Hz})$

$$\begin{aligned} &\begin{array}{c|c} \hline Note & Pitch \\ \hline Middle\ C & 261.63 \\ \hline D & 293.66 \\ \hline E & 329.63 \\ \hline F & 349.23 \\ \hline G & 392.00 \\ \hline A & 440.00 \\ \hline B & 493.88 \\ \hline \end{array} \end{aligned}$$

Study of why EMS workers leave the job. A study of fulltime emergency medical service (EMS) workers published in the Journal of Allied Health (Fall 2011) found that only about 3% leave their job in order to retire. (See Exercise $3.45$, p. 158.) Assume that the true proportion of all fulltime EMS workers who leave their job in order to retire is $p=.03$. In a random sample of 1,000 full-time EMS workers, let $\hat{p}$ represent the proportion who leave their job in order to retire. Compute $P(\hat{p}>.025)$. Interpret this result.

The frequency distribution shows the number of medical tests conducted on 30 randomly selected emergency room patients.

If a patient is selected at random, find these probabilities:

a. The patient had exactly 3 tests done. b. The patient had at most 2 tests done. c. The patient has 1 or 2 tests done. d. The patient had fewer than 3 tests done. e. The patient had at least 3 tests done.

T.W. is a 22-year-old man who fell SO feet from a chairlift while skiing and landed on hard-packed snow. He is now at the emergency department (ED) with a suspected TS-T6 fracture with paraplegia.
Insert Foley catheter
ECG monitoring
Immobilize the cervical spine
Oxygen at 4 L per nasal cannula
Initiate two large bore IVs
Neurologic assessment every hour
Apply warming blankets as needed
What other interventions would likely be done by the ED nurse?

An emergency braking parachute system on a military aircraft consists of a large parachute of diameter 6 m. If the airplane mass is 8500 kg, and it lands at 400 km/hr, find the time and distance at which the airplane is slowed to 100 km/hr by the parachute alone. Plot the aircraft speed versus distance and versus time. What is the maximum “g-force” experienced? An engineer proposes that less space would be taken up by replacing the large parachute with three noninterfering parachutes each of diameter 3.75 m. What effect would this have on the time and distance to slow to 100 km/hr?

Assume that people and businesses have reasonable expectations. Explain how the events listed below will affect aggregate output and the price level. a. The Fed reduces the required reserve ratio unexpectedly. b. Congress passes a tax-cut bill that takes effect in a year and lasts ten years. c. The Fed announces a reduction in the money supply. d. OPEC abruptly reduces oil production by half. e. The government passes an unannounced emergency defence spending bill, authorising a $500 billion increase in funding immediately.

Forty patients were asked how many minutes they had to wait in an emergency department before they were seen by a doctor. The results are below. Construct a frequency distribution table using five classes.
32 40 66 51 28 35 30 45 49 33
37 41 56 43 59 60 32 48 56 55
50 29 44 54 64 65 49 34 39 30
36 34 47 52 43 47 58 31 61 29

Myrna White is a mobile housekeeper. The price for a standard house cleaning is $150 and takes 5 hours. Each worker is paid$25/hour, uses $15 of materials and$0.50 per mile to use their own vehicle to travel from job to job. The average job is 5 miles. Arniz Meyroyan has a family reunion at her house and needs her house freshened up. She offers $75 for this emergency tidy-up service. This service includes vacuuming and cleaning floors, dusting, and cleaning the bathrooms. Only$5 of materials would be used.

Myrna White is a mobile housekeeper. The price for a standard house cleaning is $150 and takes 5 hours. Each worker is paid$25/hour, uses $15 of materials and$0.50 per mile to use their own vehicle to travel from job to job. The average job is 5 miles. Arniz Meyroyan has a family reunion at her house and needs her house freshened up. She offers $75 for this emergency tidy-up service. This service includes vacuuming and cleaning floors, dusting, and cleaning the bathrooms. Only$5 of materials would be used.

B. If a $25 surcharge was included to make the price of$100 how would the differential income change?

J.R. is a $28$-year-old man who was doing home repairs. He fell from the top of a $6$-foot stepladder, striking his head on a large rock. He experienced a momentary loss of consciousness. By the time his neighbor got to him, he was conscious but bleeding profusely from a laceration over the right temporal area. The neighbor drove him to the emergency department of your hospital. As the nurse, you immediately apply a cervical collar, lay him on a stretcher, and take J.R. to a treatment room.

Differentiate between a primary and secondary head injury.

Ambulance response time. Ambulance response time is measured as the time (in minutes) between the initial call to emergency medical services (EMS) and when thepatient is reached by ambulance. Geographical Analysis (Vol. 41, 2009) investigated the characteristics of ambulance response time for EMS calls in Edmonton, Alberta. For a particular EMS station (call it Station A), ambulance response time is known to be normally distributed with $\mu=7.5$ minutes and $\sigma=2.5$ minutes. A randomly selected EMS call in Edmonton has an ambulance response time of 2 minutes. Is it likely that this call was serviced by Station A? Explain.

In an emergency, it is sometimes the practice of medical professionals to immerse a patient who suffers from heat stroke in an ice bath, a mixture of ice and water in equilibrium at $0 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C }$, in order to reduce body temperature is $40.8 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C }$ must have her temperature reduced to the normal range, how much heat must be removed? (b) If she is placed in a bath containing 7.5 kg of ice, will there be ice remaining in the bath when her body temperature is $37.0 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C } ?$ If so, how much? If not, what will the final water temperature be?

Patients arriving at a hospital outpatient clinic can select one of three stations for service. Suppose that physicians are assigned randomly to the stations and that the patients therefore have no station preference. Three patients arrive at the clinic and their selection of stations is observed. List the sample points for the experiment.