In addition to tests involving biology concepts, students were also tested on process skills. The results of pretest and posttest scores, published in The American Biology Teacher, are given below.

Pretest: All BACC Classes: Mean 10.52, Sample Size 395, Standard Deviation 4.79 Pretest: All Traditional: Mean 11.97, Sample Size 379 and Standard Deviation 5.39 Posttest: All BACC Classes: Mean 14.06, Sample Size 376, Standard Deviation 5.65 Posttest: All Traditional: Mean 12.96, Sample Size 308, Standard Deviation 5.93

a. Find a 95% confidence interval for the mean score on process skills for the posttest for all BACC classes. b. Find a 95% confidence interval for the mean score on process skills for the posttest for all traditional classes. c. Find a 95% confidence interval for the difference in mean scores on process skills for the posttest BACC classes and the posttest traditional classes. d. Does the confidence interval in c provide evidence that there is a real difference in the mean process skills scores between posttest BACC and traditional class scores? Explain.

A normally distributed random variable X has a mean of 90. Given that the probability $\mathrm{P}(X<85) \approx 0.16 :$ a. find the proportion of scores between 90 and 95, i.e., find P(90 < X < 95) b. find an estimate of the standard deviation for the random variable X.

In still water, Mary can swim at 1.2 $\mathrm{ms}^{-1}$. She is standing at point P on the edge of a canal, directly opposite point Q. The water is flowing to the right at a constant speed of 0.6 $\mathrm{ms}^{-1}$. If Mary tries to swim directly from P to Q without allowing for the current, what will her actual velocity be?

What are the customary units for real power? For reactive power? For apparent power?

Why might the Supreme Court have declared some New Deal measures unconstitutional?

A music theorist associates the fundamental frequency of a pitch $f$ with a real number defined by

$$p=69+12 \log _{2}(f / 440)$$

Source: Science. a. Standard concert pitch for an A is $440$ cycles per second. Find the associated value of p. b. An A one octave higher than standard concert pitch is $880$ cycles per second. Find the associated value of $p$.

Use the Ratio or Root Test to determine the radius of convergence of the following power series. Test the endpoints to determine the interval of convergence, when appropriate.

$$\Sigma \left( \frac { x } { 9 } \right) ^ { 3 k }$$

Determine whether each statement makes sense or does not make sense, and explain your reasoning. Eccentricity and polar coordinates enable me to see that ellipses, hyperbolas, and parabolas are a unified group of interrelated curves.

Three, and only three, bright fringes can be seen on either side of the central maximum when a grating is illuminated with light

$$( \lambda = 510 \mathrm { nm } )$$

What is the maximum number of lines/cm for the grating?

A magnetic field of 37.2 T has been achieved at the MIT Francis Bitter National Magnetic Laboratory. Find the current needed to achieve such a field (a) 2.00 cm from a long, straight wire; (b) at the center of a circular coil of radius 42.0 cm that has 100 turns; (c) near the center of a solenoid with radius 2.40 cm, length 32.0 cm, and 40,000 turns.

Graph the solution set of each inequality and write it in interval notation. $1 \leq x < 7$

Give examples of the types of taxes that wage earners pay to federal, state, or local governments.

Use the Vertical Line Test to determine whether y is a function of x. To print an enlarged copy of the graph.

$$x^{2}-y=0$$

What is an intermediate of a reaction?