In an emergency, it is sometimes the practice of medical professionals to immerse a patient who suffers from heat stroke in an ice bath, a mixture of ice and water in equilibrium at $0 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C }$, in order to reduce body temperature is $40.8 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C }$ must have her temperature reduced to the normal range, how much heat must be removed? (b) If she is placed in a bath containing 7.5 kg of ice, will there be ice remaining in the bath when her body temperature is $37.0 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C } ?$ If so, how much? If not, what will the final water temperature be?

A nuclear reactor is equipped with two independent automatic shutdown systems to shut down the reactor when the core temperature reaches the danger level. Neither system is perfect. System A shuts down the reactor 90% of the time when the danger level is reached. System B does so 80% of the time. The reactor is shut down if either system works.

Now simulate 100 trials of the reactor's response to an emergency of this kind. Estimate the probability that it will shut down. This probability is higher than the probability that either system working alone will shut down the reactor.

A hiker caught in a thunderstorm loses heat when her clothing becomes wet. She is packing emergency rations that if completely metabolized will release $35 \mathrm{~kJ}$ of heat per gram of rations consumed. How much rations must the hiker consume to avoid a reduction in body temperature of $2.5 \mathrm{~K}$ as a result of heat loss? Assume the heat capacity of the body equals that of water and that the hiker weighs $51 \mathrm{~kg}$. State any additional assumptions.

J.R. is a $28$-year-old man who was doing home repairs. He fell from the top of a $6$-foot stepladder, striking his head on a large rock. He experienced a momentary loss of consciousness. By the time his neighbor got to him, he was conscious but bleeding profusely from a laceration over the right temporal area. The neighbor drove him to the emergency department of your hospital. As the nurse, you immediately apply a cervical collar, lay him on a stretcher, and take J.R. to a treatment room.

Identify at least five signs and symptoms of increased ICP.

For many years Colonel John P. Stapp, USAF, held the world’s land speed record. He participated in studying whether a jet pilot could survive emergency ejection. On March $19$, $1954$, he rode a rocket-propelled sled that moved down a track at $632$ mi/h. He and the sled were safely brought to rest in $1.40$ s. Determine (a) the negative acceleration he experienced and (b) the distance he traveled during this negative acceleration, assumed to be constant.

Match each type of disease with the type of disease-causing agent that causes it. _ African sleeping sickness A. virus B. bacterium C. protist D. parasitic worm E. fungus

Consider a simple elevator design in which a 15,000 kg car A is connected to a 12,000 kg counterweight B. Suppose that a failure of the drive system occurs (the failure does not affect the rope connecting A and B) when the car is at rest and 50 m above its buffer, causing the elevator car to fall. Model the car and the counterweight as particles and the cord as massless and inextensible, and model the action of the emergency brakes using a Coulomb friction model with kinetic friction coefficient $\mu \mathrm{k}=0.5$ and a normal force equal to 35% of the car’s weight. Determine the speed with which the car impacts the buffer.

Oxygen masks for producing $\mathrm{O}_2$ in emergency situations contain potassium superoxide $\left(\mathrm{KO}_2\right)$. It reacts according to this equation:

$$4\mathrm{~KO}_2+2\mathrm{~H}_2 \mathrm{O}+4\mathrm{~CO}_2\longrightarrow 4\mathrm{~KHCO}_3+3\mathrm{~O}_2$$

(a) If a person wearing such a mask exhales $0.85 \mathrm{~g}$ of $\mathrm{CO}_2$ every minute, how many moles of $\mathrm{KO}_2$ are consumed in $10.0$ minutes?
(b) How many grams of oxygen are produced in $1.0$ hour?

(a) A light-rail commuter train accelerates at a rate of 1.35 m/s². How long does it take to reach its top speed of 80.0 km/h, starting from rest? (b) The same train ordinarily decelerates at a rate of 1.65 m/s². How long does it take to come to a stop from its top speed? (c) In emergencies, the train can decelerate more rapidly, coming to rest from 80.0 km/h in 8.30 s. What is its emergency acceleration in meters per second squared?

You are working in the emergency department (ED) of a community hospital when the ambulance arrives with A.N., an $18$-year-old woman who was caught in a house fire. She was sleeping when the fire started and managed to make her way out of the house through thick smoke. The emergency medical system crew initiated humidified oxygen at $15 \mathrm{~L} / \mathrm{min}$ per nonrebreather mask and started a $16$-gauge IV with lactated Ringer's solution. On arrival to the ED, her vital signs are $100/66, 125, 34$, $\mathrm{SaO}_2 93 \%$. An additional $16$-gauge IV is inserted. She appears anxious and in pain.

$$\begin{aligned} &\text { Laboratory Test Values }\\ &\begin{array}{ll} \text { Hgb } & 20 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{dL} \\ \text { Hct } & 51 \% \\ \mathrm{~K} & 4.9 \mathrm{mEq} / \mathrm{dL} \\ \mathrm{Na} & 133 \mathrm{mEq} / \mathrm{dL} \\ \mathrm{Cl} & 100 \mathrm{mEq} / \mathrm{dL} \\ \text { Glu } & 159 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL} \\ \text { BUN } & 28 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL} \\ \text { Cre } & 1.0 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL} \end{array} \end{aligned}$$

Interpret A.N.'s laboratory results.

You have an emergency, and you ask your employer for a loan. She gives you $\$ 100$. You sign a form indicating that you received the loan and will start repaying it next month. However, you quit the job the following week. Your former manager calls and asks whether you are going to pay back the loan. You indicate that since you are a minor, the contract is voidable, meaning that you do not have to abide by it. Is it a good idea to avoid the contract?

In a study of patients arriving at a hospital emergency room, the gender of the patients is considered, together with whether the patients are younger or older than 30 years of age, and whether or not the patients are admitted to the hospital. It is found that $45\%$ of the patients are male, $30\%$ of the patients are younger than 30 years of age, $15\%$ of the patients are females older than 30 years of age who are admitted to the hospital, and $21\%$ of the patients are females younger than 30 years of age. What proportion of the patients are females older than 30 years of age who are not admitted to the hospital?

A group of hikers is lost in a national park. Two ranger stations have received an emergency SOS signal from the hikers. Station B is 75 miles due east of station A. The bearing from station A to the signal is S 60° E and the bearing from station B to the signal is S 75° W. A rescue party is in the park 20 miles from station A at a bearing of S 80° E. Find the distance and the bearing the rescue party must travel to reach the lost hikers.

An emergency drain pump, shown in figure, should be able to pump $0.1 \mathrm{~m}^3 / \mathrm{s}$ of liquid water at $15^{\circ} \mathrm{C}, 10 \mathrm{~m}$ vertically up, delivering it with a velocity of $20 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}$. It is estimated that the pump, pipe, and nozzle have a combined isentropic efficiency expressed for the pump as $60 \%$. How much power is needed to drive the pump?