In order to reduce risk of heart disease, people should attempt to reduce their levels of a. optimism. b. apathy. c. pessimism. d. competitiveness. e. empathy.

Jenna's boyfriend just carried out the most elaborate "proposal" at h er school. Use the phases of Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome to explain how prom preparations may be stressful for Jenna.

Which of the following has shown effectiveness in improving sleep, reducing depression, and increasing heart and lung fitness? a. Meditation. b. Aerobic exercise. c. Religious involvement. d. Subjective well-being. e. Social support.

Which of the following accurately represents the relationship between income and happiness? a. Rapidly increasing income is associated with a slight decrease in happiness because of relative deprivation. b. Increased income increases happiness equally for almost everybody. c. There is no relationship between income and happiness. d. Gradually increasing income is associated with a slight decrease in happiness because of the adaptation-level phenomenon. e. Increased income increases happiness for people, who don't have enough money to meet their basic needs.

When asked to picture an angry person, researchers found that a. men tend to picture a man and women picture a woman. b. women tend to picture a man and men picture a woman. c. women and men both picture a woman. d. women and men both picture a man. e. the responses of men and women were too varied to provide any substantial data.

Which one of the following statements about stress is true? a. Surgical wounds heal more slowly in stressed people. b. Stress has no effect on those exposed to cold viruses. c. There is no correlation between stress and longevity. d. Stress makes us more resistant to infection and heart disease e. Anxiety, irritation, and guilt all prompt very different physiological responses.

Jin has decided that during his senior year his wishes to focus more on his academics and earn better grades. Explain how each of the following could help him earn better grades: • Grit • His peer group Explain how each of the following could hinder him in his pursuit of better grades: • Ostracism • Narcissism

Karl is hungry, so he eats a hamburger and does not feel hungry anymore. Karl's hunger can best be described as a(n) a. drive. b. instinct. c. incentive. d. reflex. e. extrinsic reward.

Which of the following disorders can be observed in a human karyotype?

A colorblindness

B trisomy 21

C cystic fibrosis

D sickle cell disease

These exercises involve binomial probability. A certain disease has a mortality rate of 35%. A new drug is tested for its effectiveness against this disease. Twelve patients are given the drug, and nine of them recover. (a) Find the probability that nine or more patients would have recovered without the drug. (b) Does the drug appear to be effective? (Consider the drug effective if the probability in part (a) is 0.05 or less.)

Some antibiotics used to fight disease also kill harmless bacteria in your body. How might this affect vitamin levels in your body?

(a) Describe the action of a universal signal transduction inhibitor: _____ (b) Describe the action of a selective transduction inhibitor: _____ (c) Explain the role of these drugs in controlling a disease: _____

If a patient with coronary artery disease is administered 100 units of thallium-201, how much will still remain in this patient’s system after 48 hours?

In 2003, the morbidity of hemolytic uremic syndrome was 176, and the mortality was 29. The morbidity of listeriosis was 696; the mortality was 33. Which disease is more likely to be fatal?