John Bradstreet, a career British army officer, based his observations (source 1) on his wartime experiences in the West. William Johnson (source 2) had lived in close proximity to Iroquois Indians for many years. Compare their views: what do they agree upon, and where do they differ?

You and your team are asked to determine the hearing safety parameters for a loud experiment. Since the sound will persist for only a short time, the allowed intensity level that will not result in permanent hearing damage is 135 dB. The experiment consists of a single source with a power output of 550 W that projects sound isotropically (i.e., uniformly in all directions). (a) At what distance should you set the safety perimeter (i.e., the radius of a sphere in meters) centered at the source? (b) Where should you set the perimeter if the power of the source doubles?

An organ pipe open at one end, but closed at the other, is vibrating in its fundamental mode, producing the sound of frequency $1000 \mathrm{~Hz}$. If you now open the closed end, the new fundamental frequency will be
A. $2000 \mathrm{~Hz}$.
B. $1000 \mathrm{~Hz}$.
C. $500 \mathrm{~Hz}$.
D. $250 \mathrm{~Hz}$.

A domed roof is a parabolic surface. Ten meters down from the top of the dome, the ceiling is 15 meters wide. For the best lighting on the floor, a light source should be placed at the focus of the parabolic surface. How far from the top of the dome to the nearest tenth of a meter, should the light source be placed?

Find the open intervals on which the function is increasing or decreasing.

$$g(x)=\frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x^2+4}}$$

Environmental, institutional, or individual pressures and opportune situations, which are present to some degree in all companies, motivate individuals and companies to engage in fraudulent financial reporting. Fraud prevention and detection require that pressures and opportunities be identified and evaluated in terms of the risks they pose to a company.

a. Identify two company pressures that would increase the likelihood of fraudulent financial reporting.

Two investment opportunities are as follows. At the end of 10 years, Alt B is not replaced. Thus, the comparison is 15 years of A versus 10 years of B. If the MARR is 8%, which alternative should be selected?

What is the pressure in millimeters of mercury inside a container of gas connected to a mercury-filled open-end manometer of the sort shown in Figure 10.5 when the level in the arm connected to the container is 17.6 cm lower than the level in the arm open to the atmosphere and the atmospheric pressure reading outside the apparatus is 754.3 mm Hg?

A source follower is required to connect a high resistance source to a load whose resistance is nominally 2 $\mathrm{k} \Omega$ but can be as low as $1 \mathrm{k} \Omega$ and as high as $3 \mathrm{k} \Omega$. What is the maximum output resistance that the source follower must have if the output voltage is to remain within $\pm 20 \%$ of nominal value? If the MOSFET has $k_n=16 \mathrm{~mA} / \mathrm{V}^2$, at what current $I_D$ must it be biased? At what overdrive voltage is the MOSFET operating?

Environmental, institutional, or individual pressures and opportune situations, which are present to some degree in all companies, motivate individuals and companies to engage in fraudulent financial reporting. Fraud prevention and detection require that pressures and opportunities be identified and evaluated in terms of the risks they pose to a company.

d. What can top management do to reduce the possibility of fraudulent financial reporting?

Determine the number of operations needed to solve the system of given equations by using

$$\begin{array}{r} x+y+z=3 \\ 2 x+3 y+z=2 \\ x-y-2 z=-5 \end{array}$$

(a) Gauss-Jordan elimination (b) Gaussian elimination

Explain, by investigating in "all steps" mode, how the arithmetic operations are counted. Where exactly does Gaussian elimination gain over Gauss-Jordan elimination?

Consider $f : S \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ where $(S, d)$ is a metric space. Show the following are equivalent:

$$\begin{aligned} \text { (i) } & f \text { is continuous; } \\(\text { ii) }& f^{-1}((a, b)) \text { is open in } S \text { for all } a<b ; \\ \text { (iii) } & f^{-1}((a, b)) \text { is open in } S \text { for all rational } a<b \end{aligned}$$

The Garlington Corporation expects next year's net income to be $15 million. The firm's debt/assets ratio currently is 40 percent. Garlington has $12 million of profitable investment opportunities, and it wishes to maintain its existing debt/assets ratio. According to the residual dividend policy, how large should Garlington's dividend payout ratio be next year?

Prairie dogs live in underground burrows with at least two entrances. They ventilate their burrows by building a mound around one entrance, which is open to a stream of air. A second entrance at ground level is open to almost stagnant air. Use Bernoulli’s principle to explain how this construction creates air flow through the burrow.