Environmental scientists are increasingly concerned with the accumulation of toxic elements in marine mammals and the transfer of such elements to the animals' offspring. The striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba), considered to be a top predator in the marine food chain, was the subject of one such study. The mercury concentrations (micrograms/gram) in the livers of 28 mals striped dolphins were as follows: 1.70 183.00 221.00 286.00 1.72 168.00 406.00 315.00 8.80 218.00 252.00 241.00 5.90 180.00 329.00 397.00 101.00 264.00 316.00 209.00 85.40 481.00 445.00 314.00 118.00 485.00 278.00 318.00 a. Calculate the five-number summary for the data. b. Construct a box plot for the data. c. Are there any outliers? d. If you knew that the first four dolphins were less than 3 years old, while all the others were more than 8 years old, would this information help explain the difference in the magnitude of those four observations? Explain.

The monthly utility bills for a household in Riverside, California, were recorded for 12 consecutive months starting in Januray 2010:

Month, Amount ($) January, 288.02 February, 230.60 March, 216.85 April, 243.74 May, 236.96 June, 288.57 July, 311.20 August, 370.23 September, 368.57 October, 301.79 November, 271.99 December, 298.12

a. Calculate the range of the utility bills for the year 2010. b. Calculate the average monthly utility bill for the year 2010. c. Calculate the standard deviation for the 2010 utility bills.

Solve for x and check your answers. $2 \log _{b}(x+1)=\log _{b}(-x+11)$

Divide. Write the remainder as a fraction. ${24}\overline{)\smash{6,339}}$

The number of passes completed by Aaron Rodgers, quarterback of the Minnesota Vikings, was recorded for each of the 15 regular season games that he played in the fall of 2010 (www.ESPN.com): 19 19 34 21 27 18 21 15 27 22 26 21 7 25 19 a. Draw a stem and leaf plot to describe the data. b. Calculate the mean and standard deviation for Aaron Rodgers' per game pass completions. c. What proportion of the measurements lie within two standard deviations of the mean?

The number of passes completed and the total number of passing yards were recorded for Aaron Rodgers for each of the 15 regular season games that he played in the fall of 2010: Week, Completions, Total Yards 1, 19, 188 2, 19, 255 3, 34, 316 4, 12, 181 5, 27, 293 6, 18, 313 7, 21, 295 8, 15, 170 9, 27, 289 11, 22, 301 12, 26, 344 13, 21, 298 14, 7, 46 16, 25, 404 17, 19, 229

a. Draw a scatterplot to describe the relationship between number of completions and total passing yards for Aaron Rodgers. b. Describe the plot in part a. Do you see any outliers? Do the rest of the points seem to form a pattern? c. Calculate the correlation coefficient, r, between the number of completions and total passing yards. d. What is the regression line for predicting total number of passing yards based on the total number of completions x? e. If Aaron Rodgers had 20 pass completions in his next game, what would you predict his total number of passing yards to be?

An article in Archaeometry involved an analysis of 26 samples of Romano-British pottery found at four different kiln sites in the United Kingdom. The samples were analyzed to determine their chemical composition. The percentage of iron oxide in each of five samples collected at the Island Thorns site was: 1.28, 2.39, 1.50, 1.88, 1.51 a. Calculate the range.
b. Calculate the sample variance and the standard deviation using the computation formula. c. Compare the range and the standard deviation. The range is approximately how many standard deviations?

Construct a box plot for these data and identify any outliers: 25, 22, 26, 23, 27, 26, 28, 18, 25, 24, 12

The table below shows the names of the 43 presidents of the United States along with the number of children. Washington 0 Adams 5 Jefferson 6 Madison 0 Monroe 2 J.Q. Adams 4 Jackson 0 Cleveland 5 B. Harrison 3 McKinley 2 T. Roosevelt 6 Taft 3 Wilson 3 Harding 0 Van Buren 4 W.H. Harrison 10 Tyler 15 Polk 0 Taylor 6 Fillmore 2 Pierce 3 Coolidge 2 Hoover 2 F.D. Roosevelt 6 Truman 1 Eisenhower 2 Kennedy 3 L.B. Johnson 2 Buchanan 0 Lincoln 4 A. Johnson 5 Grant 4 Hayes 8 Garfield 7 Arthur 3 Nixon 2 Ford 4 Carter 4 Reagan 4 G.H.W. Bush 6 Clinton 1 G.W. Bush 2 Obama 2

a. Construct a relative frequency histogram to describe the data. How would you describe the shape of this distribution? b. Calculate the mean and the standard deviation for the data set. c. Construct the intervals $\overline{x}\pm s$, $\overline{x}\pm 2s$, and $\overline{x}\pm 3s$. Fidn the percentage of measurements falling into these three intervals and compare with the corresponding percentages given by Tchebysheff's Theorem and the Empirical Rule.

In a psychological experiment, the time on task was recorded for 10 subjects under a 5-minute time constraint. These measurements are in seconds: 175 190 250 230 240 200 185 190 225 265 a. Find the average time on task. b. Find the median time on task. c. If you were writing a report to describe these data, which measure of central tendency would you use? Explain.

Male and female respondents to a questionnaire about gender differences are categorized into three groups according to their answers to the first question:

Group 1: Men 37 and Women 7 Group 2: Men 49 and Women 50 Group 3: Men 72 and Women 31

a. Create side-by-side pie chart to describe these data. b. Create a side-by-side bar chart to describe these data. c. Draw a stacked bar chart to describe these data. d. Which of the three charts best depicts the difference or similarity of the responses of men and women?

A discrete variable can take on only the values 0, 1 or 2. A set of 20 measurements on this variable is shown here: 1 2 1 0 2 2 1 1 0 0 2 2 1 1 0 0 1 2 1 1 a. Construct a relatively frequency histogram for the data. b. What proportion of the measurements are greater than 1? c. What proportion of the measurements are less than 2? d. If a measurement is selected at random from the 20 measurements shown, what is the probability that it is a 2? e. Describe the shape of the distribution. Do you see any outliers?

Is your breathing rate normal? Actually, there is no standard breathing rate for humans. It can vary from as low as 4 breaths per minute to as high as 70 or 75 for a person engaged in strenuous exercise. Suppose that the resting breathing rates for college-age students have a relative frequency distribution that is mound-shaped, with a mean equal to 12 and a standard deviation of 2.3 breaths per minute. What fraction of all students would have breathing rates in the following intervals? a. 9.7 to 14.3 breaths per minute b. 7.4 to 16.6 breaths per minute c. More than 18.9 or less than 5.1 breaths per minute

Given the following data set: .23, .30, .35, .41, .56, .58, .76, .80 a. Find the lower and upper quartiles. b. Calculate the IQR. c. Calculate the lower and upper fences. Are there any outliers?