Name five characteristics of a star that can be determined by measuring its spectrum. Explain how you would use a spectrum to determine these characteristics.

Astronomers determine the surface temperature of a star by measuring its brightness at different frequencies. Explain how they can then use the Planck radiation law to obtain the surface temperature.

Are an organism's characteristics determined only by its genes? Explain.

What is the main reason that the spectra of all stars are not identical? Explain.

What elements are stars mostly made of? How do we know this?

The sun’s energy influences climate in different ways. For example, the latitudes at the equator receives more energy from the sun and therefore warmer temperatures. How does the sun’s energy most directly influence precipitation in a climate? A.The sun’s energy drives the water cycle, which determines precipitation. B.The sun’s energy creates wind patterns that bring precipitation to different areas. C.The sun’s energy controls the amount of condensation and therefore precipitation. The sun’s energy starts the water cycle by causing percolation, which leads to precipitation.