Of all the Americans who live in poverty, most are ________ families, while the highest poverty rate is among ________ families.

A. black; Hispanic

B. black; white

C. white; black and Hispanic

D. Hispanic; white

Describe the feminization of poverty. How does this trend affect the motivation to have children?

During what period since $1960$ did the U.S. poverty rate fall the most? Why? Which age group has shown the most decline in poverty rates since $1960$ and why?

Economic inequality arises from all of the following except ________.

A. inequality of human capital

B. inequality of education attainment

C. a shortage of high-skilled labor

D. discrimination

In recent years, as the gap between the rich and the poor has increased, the Lorenz curve has ________ . A. shifted away from the line of equality B. not changed, but there has been a movement down along it C. shifted closer to the line of equality D. not changed, but there has been a movement up along it

What was true about both colonies and barrios?

A. They were densely populated by Mexican Americans.
B. They provided farm jobs for Mexican Americans.
C. They provided factory jobs for Mexican Americans.
D. They provided a support network for Mexican Americans.

In recent years, as the gap between the rich and the poor has increased, the Lorenz curve has ________.

A. shifted away from the line of equality

B. not changed, but there has been a movement down along it

C. shifted closer to the line of equality

D. not changed, but there has been a movement up along it

Bob got an 89 on the final exam in mathematics and a 79 on the sociology exam. In the mathematics class the average grade was 79 with a standard deviation of 5, and in the sociology class the average grade was 72 with a standard deviation of 3.5. Assuming that the grades in both subjects were normally distributed, in which class did Bob rank higher?

Assume that in a sociology class, the teacher gives a midterm exam and a final exam. Assume that the association between midterm and final scores is linear. Here are the summary statistics:

Midterm: Mean = 72, Standard deviation = 8

Final: Mean = 72, Standard deviation = 8

Also, r = 0.75 and n = 28.

a. Find and report the equation of the regression line to predict the final exam score from the midterm score.

b. For a student who gets 55 on the midterm, predict the final exam score.

c. Your answer to part (b) should be higher than 55. Why?

d. Consider a student who gets a 100 on the midterm. Without doing any calculations, state whether the predicted score on the final exam would be higher, lower, or the same as 100.

To maximize profit, a firm ________.

A. uses the quantity of land at which the rental rate equals the value of marginal product of land

B. balances the rental rate of capital against the wage rate of labor

C. uses the quantity of capital at which the marginal revenue equals the value of marginal product of capital

D. uses the quantity of capital at which the suppliers’ expected profit equals the value of marginal product of capital

Many observers believe that the levels of pollution in our society are too high. a. If society wishes to reduce overall pollution by a certain amount, why is it efficient to have different amounts of reduction at different firms? b. Command-and-control approaches often rely on uniform reductions among firms. Why are these approaches generally unable to target the firms that should undertake bigger reductions? c. Economists argue that appropriate corrective taxes or tradable pollution rights will result in efficient pollution reduction. How do these approaches target the firms that should undertake bigger reductions?

Use complete sentences to answer the following questions. List three sources of water pollution and two ways of reducing this type of pollution.

Firm A is a perfectly competitive firm, and firm B is a monopoly firm. Both are earning profits. Which is less likely to be earning profits in the future? Explain.

A new coffee shop opens and to maximize profit it hires 5 workers at the competitive wage rate. The price of a cup of coffee is $4 and the value of marginal product of workers in the coffee shop is$12 an hour.

If the price of a cup of coffee rises from $4 to$5 and the coffee shop continues to hire workers at the competitive wage rate, explain how the value of marginal product and the number of workers hired will change.