Researchers are interested in finding out if voters are more likely to vote for congressional candidates who have more pleasant facial expressions. Starting at a random point, the researchers contact every hundredth person on the voter list to ask about candidate facial expressions. Which method are the researchers using in choosing the people they will call? a. Random sample. b. Periodic sample. c. Biased sample. d. Survey. e. Operational definition.

Why is an operational definition necessary when reporting research findings? a. An operational definition allows others to replicate the study. b. An operational definition provides more context and includes many examples of the concept described. c. An operational definition is easier to translate into multiple languages than a dictionary definition. d. An operational definition uses more scientific language than a dictionary definition. e. An operational definition is not necessary since a dictionary definition will work as well for replication.

Which of the following is an example of negative correlation? a. People who spend more time exercising tend to weigh less. b. Teenage females tend to have fewer speeding tickets than teenage males. c. Students with lower IQ scores tend to have lower grades. d. As hours studying for a test decrease, so do grades on that test. e. Students' shoe sizes are not related to their grades.

An individual with an exceptional memory is identified. She is capable of recalling major events, the weather, and what she did on any given date. What research method is being used if a psychologist conducts an in-depth investigation of this individual including questionnaires, brain scans, and memory tests? a. Naturalistic observation, b. Survey, c. Interview, d. Case study, e. Correlational method.

A researcher looking for gender differences in 3-year-olds observes a preschool class and records how many minutes children of each gender play with dolls. She then compares the two sets of numbers. What type of descriptive research is she conducting? a. Case study b. Experiment c. Random sample method d. Naturalistic observation e. Survey.

In a normal distribution, what percentage of the scores in the distribution falls within one standard deviation on either side of the mean? a. 34 percent b. 40 percent c. 50 percent d. 68 percent e. 95 percent

Who among the following will most likely study the interaction of people, machines, and physical environments? a. Human factors psychologist b. Personality psychologist c. Industrial-organization psychologist d. Counseling psychologist e. Educational psychologist.

Researchers are interested in finding out if winning Congressional candidates display more positive facial expressions than losing candidates. The researchers attend political debates and record how frequently each candidate displays positive facial expressions. Which research method are the researchers using? a. Random sample, b. Case study, c. Naturalistic observation, d. Survey, e. Interview.

A testable prediction that drives research is known as a(n) a. theory. b. hypothesis. c. operational definition. d. guess. e. random sample

Researchers are interested in finding out if voters are more likely to vote for congressional candidates who have more pleasant facial expressions. Starting at a random point, the researchers contact every hundredth person on the voter list to ask about candidate facial expressions. Which method are the researchers using in choosing the people they will call?

a. Random sample

b. Periodic sample

c. Biased sample

d. Survey

e. Operational definition

Which of the following is an example of hindsight bias? a. Tom is certain that electric cars will represent 80 percent of vehicles in twenty years and only reads research studies that support his hypothesis. b. Liza underestimates how much time it will take her to finish writing her college application essays and as a result fails to meet an important deadline. c. Experts predicting world events with 80 percent confidence turned out to be correct less than 40 percent of the time. d. Marcy cannot recognize a definition on a flashcard. After turning the card over and viewing the term, she tells herself she knew what the answer was all along. e. Dr. Grace overestimates how effectively her new treatment method works because she fails to seek out any evidence refuting her theory.

A local basketball team has won three championships in a row and is on a winning streak going into a final game. Explain how their fans might use the following to explain the loss in the final game. • Hindsight bias • Overconfidence • The tendency to perceive patterns in random events.

Which of the following questions is best investigated by means of a survey? a. Is IQ related to grades? b. Are violent criminals genetically different from nonviolent criminals? c. Does extra sleep improve memory? d. What is the best study technique for AP® tests? e. Are students more likely to be politically liberal or conservative?

Following the release of neurotransmitters across the synapse , and an action potential , which of the following is most likely to take place? a. The synaptic cleft closes temporarily to terminate the action potential. b. The myelin sheath absorbs the excess neurotransmitters. c. The receiving neuron absorbs the neurotransmitter to send to the next neuron. d. The axon disposes of the depleted neurotransmitters. e. The sending neuron reabsorbs the neurotransmitter for reuse.