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Question

State if the possible arrangements represent permutations or combinations, then state the number of possible arrangements. A student chooses at random 4 books from a reading list of 11 books.

Solution

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The order of the books is not important so the possible arrangements represent a combination\textit{\color{#c34632}{combination}}.

Use the combination formula:

nCr=n!r!(nr)!(1)_n C_r=\dfrac{n!}{r!(n-r)!} \color{white}{\tag{1}}

Substitute n=11n=11 and r=4r=4:

11C4=11!4!(114)!_{11} C_4=\dfrac{11!}{4!(11-4)!}

11C4=11!4!7!_{11} C_4=\dfrac{11!}{4!7!}

11C4=330_{11} C_4=330

So, there are 330 arrangements\color{#c34632}{330\text{ arrangements}}.

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