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Question

Let pp and qq be distinct primes: Suppose that HH is a proper subset of the integers and H is a group under addition that contains exactly three elements of the set {p,p+q,pq,pq,qp}\left\{p, p+q, p q, p^{q}, q^{p}\right\}. Determine which of the following are the three elements in H.

a. pq,pq,qpp q, p^{q}, q^{p}.

b. p+q,pq,pqp+q, p q, p^{q}.

c. p,p+q,pqp, p+q, pq.

d. p,pq,qpp, p^{q}, q^{p},

e. p,pq,pqp, p q, p^{q}

Solution

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Since HH is a subgroup of integers, it is of the form

H={nknZ}H = \{n k \mid n \in \mathbf{Z}\}

for some kZk \in \mathbf{Z}. Now notice that pp, pqpq, and pqp^q are all multiples of pp, so e.\textbf{e.} is the correct choice. (Other options fail because pp and qq are distinct primes.)

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