The Electronic Journal of Biotechnology (Dec. 15, 2003) published an article on a comparison of two yeast extracts, baker's yeast, and brewer's yeast. Brewer's yeast is a surplus by-product obtained from a brewery. Hence it is less expensive than primary-grown baker's yeast. Samples of both yeast extracts were prepared at four different temperatures $(45,48,51$, and $54^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ ); thus, a $2 \times 4$ factorial design with yeast extract at two levels and temperature at four levels was employed. The response variable was the autolysis yield (recorded as a percentage).

e. Multiple comparisons of the four temperature means were executed for each of the two yeast extracts. Interpret the results shown below.

Baker's yeast:	Mean yield $(\%):$	$41.1$	$\overline{47.5}$	$48.6$	$50.3$
Brewer's	Temperature $\left({ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right):$	54	45	48	51
yeast:	Mean yield $(\%):$	$39.4$	$47.3$	$49.2$	$49.6$
	Temperature $\left({ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right):$	54	51	48	45

Suppose that a foreign-language student has learned $N(t)=20 t-t^2$ vocabulary terms after $t$ hours of uninterrupted study, where $0 \leq t \leq 10$.

(a). How many terms are learned between time t=2 h and t=3 h ?

(b). What is the rate, in terms per hour, at which the student is learning at time t=2 h?

The Electronic Journal of Biotechnology (Dec. 15, 2003) published an article on a comparison of two yeast extracts, baker's yeast, and brewer's yeast. Brewer's yeast is a surplus by-product obtained from a brewery. Hence it is less expensive than primary-grown baker's yeast. Samples of both yeast extracts were prepared at four different temperatures $(45,48,51$, and $54^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ ); thus, a $2 \times 4$ factorial design with yeast extract at two levels and temperature at four levels was employed. The response variable was the autolysis yield (recorded as a percentage).

c. Provide the null and alternative hypotheses for testing the main effects of yeast extract and temperature.

The Electronic Journal of Biotechnology (Dec. 15, 2003) published an article on a comparison of two yeast extracts, baker's yeast, and brewer's yeast. Brewer's yeast is a surplus by-product obtained from a brewery. Hence it is less expensive than primary-grown baker's yeast. Samples of both yeast extracts were prepared at four different temperatures $(45,48,51$, and $54^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ ); thus, a $2 \times 4$ factorial design with yeast extract at two levels and temperature at four levels was employed. The response variable was the autolysis yield (recorded as a percentage).

d. Explain why the tests, part c, should not be executed.

The plane has landed in the United Kingdom and the Foreign Language Club is ready for their adventure. Each student on the trip boarded the plane with 300 euro. They each brought additional U.S. dollars with them to exchange as needed. The exchange rate from U.S. dollars to British pounds is 0.622101 euro pound to every dollar.

Write a function to represent the total amount of money in British pounds each student will have after exchanging additional U.S. currency. Define your variables.

Apnex, Inc., is a biotechnology firm that is about to announce the results of its clinical trials of a potential new cancer drug. If the trials are successful, Apnex stock would be worth $\$ 62$ per share. If the trials are unsuccessful, Apnex stock would be worth $\$ 16$ per share. Suppose that the morning before the announcement is scheduled, Apnex shares are trading for $\$ 57$ per share.

a. Based on the current share price, what sort of expectations do investors seem to have about the success of the trials?

b. Suppose hedge fund manager Paul Kliner has hired several prominent research scientists to examine the public data on the drug and make their own assessment of the drug's promise. Would Kliner's fund be likely to profit by trading the stock in the hours prior to the announcement?

c. What would limit the fund's ability to profit on its information?

The Electronic Journal of Biotechnology (Dec. 15, 2003) published an article on a comparison of two yeast extracts, baker's yeast, and brewer's yeast. Brewer's yeast is a surplus by-product obtained from a brewery. Hence it is less expensive than primary-grown baker's yeast. Samples of both yeast extracts were prepared at four different temperatures $(45,48,51$, and $54^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ ); thus, a $2 \times 4$ factorial design with yeast extract at two levels and temperature at four levels was employed. The response variable was the autolysis yield (recorded as a percentage).

b. An ANOVA found enough evidence of factor interaction at $\alpha=.05$. Interpret this result practically.

A biotechnology firm in Boston is planning its investment strategy for future products and research labs. A poll encountered that only $8 \%$ of a random sample of 1012 U.S. adults approved of attempts to clone a human.

e) In general, if all other factors of the situation remain the same, would smaller samples produce smaller or larger margins of error?

The Age of Genetics was created by remarkable advances in the use of biotechnology to manipulate plant and animal genomes. Given that the world population has topped 6 billion and is expected to reach $9.2$ billion by 2050, some scientists have proposed that only the worldwide introduction of genetically modified (GM) foods will increase crop yields enough to meet future nutritional demands. Pest resistance, herbicide, cold, drought, and salinity tolerance, along with increased nutrition, are seen as positive attributes of GM foods. However, others caution that unintended harm to other organisms, reduced effectiveness to pesticides, gene transfer to nontarget species, allergenicity, and as yet unknown effects on human health are potential concerns regarding GM foods. If you were in a position to control the introduction of a GM primary food product (rice, for example), what criteria would you establish before allowing such an introduction?

The Electronic Journal of Biotechnology (Dec. 15, 2003) published an article comparing two yeast extracts: baker’s yeast and brewer’s yeast. Brewer’s yeast is a surplus by-product obtained from a brewery; hence, it is less expensive than primarygrown baker’s yeast. Samples of both yeast extracts were prepared at four different temperatures (45, 48, 51, and

$$54 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C }$$

), and the autolysis yield (recorded as a percentage) was measured for each of the yeast–temperature combinations. The goal of the analysis is to investigate the impact of yeast extract and temperature on mean autolysis yield. a. Identify the factors (and factor levels) in the experiment. b. Identify the response variable. c. How many treatments are included in the experiment? d. What type of experimental design is employed?

Indicate whether each of the following is a general subject or a specific topic that is narrow enough for a short essay. 1. An argument against fast-food ads that are aimed at young children 2. Home schooling 3. Cell phones and driving 4. Changes in U.S. immigration laws 5. Requiring college students to study a foreign language 6. The advantages of funding health care for children of undocumented workers 7. A comparison of small-town and big-city living 8. Student loans 9. The advantages of service-learning courses 10. The need for totally electric cars

In each of the following sentences, two words are underlined. If an underlined word is misspelled, write the word correctly above the misspelled word. Write C above the correctly spelled underlined words.

Example:At the end of her interview with the police officer, the girl $\overset{\textit{conceded}}{\cancel{\text{conceeded}}}$ that she had been $\overset{\text{c}}{\cancel{\text{driving}}}$ too fast.

I $\underline{\text{received}}$ two separate forms for the $\underline{\text{foreign}}$ language club.

Antibodies bind to a foreign antigen, resulting in removal of that foreign antigen from the body. Explain what happens to antibody production as the foreign antigens decrease.

Most firms recognize at least some revenues at the time of sale or delivery of goods and services and, following the principles of the accrual basis of accounting, match expenses either with associated revenues or with the period when they consume resources in operations. The exhibit presents common-size income statements for seven firms for a recent year, with all amounts expressed as a percentage of total revenues. The exhibit also indicates the revenues generated by each firm for each dollar of assets in use on average during the year. A brief description of the activities of each firm follows.

Amgen engages in the development, manufacturing, and marketing of biotechnology products. Developing and obtaining approval of biotechnology products takes 10 or more years. Amgen has two principal products that it manufactures and markets and several more products in the development pipeline.

Brown-Forman is a distiller of hard liquors. After combining the ingredients, the company ages the liquors for five or more years before sale.

Deere manufactures farm equipment. It sells this equipment to a network of independent distributors, who in turn sell the equipment to final consumers. Deere provides financing and insurance services both to its distributors and to final consumers.

Fluor engages in construction services on multiyear construction projects. It subcontracts most of the actual construction work and receives a fee for its services.

Golden West (now part of Wachovia) is a savings and loan company. It takes deposits from customers and lends funds, primarily to individuals for home mortgages. Customers typically pay a fee (called “points”) at the time of loan origination based on the amount borrowed. Their monthly mortgage payments include interest on the outstanding loan balance and a partial repayment of the principal of the loan.

Merrill Lynch (now a part of Bank of America) engages in the securities business. It obtains funds primarily from short-term capital market sources and invests the funds primarily in short-term, readily marketable financial instruments. It attempts to generate an excess of investment returns over the cost of the funds invested. Merrill Lynch also offers fee-based services, such as financial consulting, buying and selling securities for customers, securities underwriting, and investment management.

Rockwell Collins is a technology-based electronics and aerospace company. It engages in research and development on behalf of its customers, which include the U.S. government and private-sector entities. Its contracts tend to run for many years on a continually renewed basis.

a. When should each of these companies recognize revenue? What unique issues does each company face in the recognition of expenses?