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The froghopper (Philaenus spumarius), the champion leaper of the insect world, has a mass of 12.3 mg and leaves the ground (in the most energetic jumps) at 4.0 m/s from a vertical start. The jump itself lasts a mere 1.0 ms before the insect is clear of the ground. Assuming constant acceleration, draw a free-body diagram of this mighty leaper during the jump.
Solution
VerifiedIDENTIFY and SET UP: The problem involves force and acceleration, so we'll use Newton's second law. We choose a coordinate system and identify the forces acting on the froghopper during the jump. We locate the origin of the -coordinates at the ground and let the -axis point in the direction of the froghopper's acceleration (upward), see Fig. 1. During the jump, the normal force of the ground and the weight of the froghopper are the only vertical forces act on the insect. The information on the speed and the time associated with the froghopper's jump, is used to calculate the average acceleration of the froghopper, which leads to finding the normal force exerted by the ground on the froghopper via Newton's second law.
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