The leaves of a tree lose water to the atmosphere via the process of transpiration. A particular tree loses water at the rate of $3 \times 10^{-8} \mathrm{m}^{3} / \mathrm{s}$; this water is replenished by the upward flow of sap through vessels in the trunk. This tree's trunk contains about 2000 vessels, each $100 \mu \mathrm{m}$ in diameter. What is the speed of the sap flowing in the vessels?

A tree loses water to the air by the process of transpiration at the rate of 110 g/h. This water is replaced by the upward flow of sap through vessels in the trunk. If the trunk contains 2000 vessels, each $100 \mu \mathrm{m}$ in diameter, what is the upward speed of the sap in each vessel? The density of tree sap is $1040 \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{m}^{3}$.

Solve each exponential equation. Express irrational solutions in exact form and as a decimal rounded to three decimal places. $2^{x+1}=5^{1-2 x}$

A pump is used to empty a 6000 L wading pool. The water exits the 2.5-cm-diameter hose at a speed of 2.1 m/s. How long will it take to empty the pool?

A rectangular trough, 2.0 m long, 0.60 m wide, and 0.45 m deep, is completely full of water. One end of the trough has a small drain plug right at the bottom edge. When you pull the plug, at what speed does water emerge from the hole?

Write as powers of 3: $\frac{1}{9}$

Using the data in Figure 9.45 for the arterioles, and assuming a typical blood flow rate of 5.0 L per minute,

What is the flow speed in the arterioles?

Complete the table about the circulatory system.
$\hspace{4cm}$THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

Calculate the buoyant force due to the surrounding air on a man weighing 800 N. Assume his average density is the same as that of water.

To keep blood from pooling in their lower legs on plane trips, some people wear compression socks. These socks are sold by the pressure they apply; a typical rating is 20 mm \ mHg. Over what vertical distance can this pressure move the blood?

Smoking tobacco is bad for your circulatory health. In an attempt to maintain the blood's capacity to deliver oxygen, the body increases its red blood cell production, and this increases the viscosity of the blood. In addition, nicotine from tobacco causes arteries to constrict. For a nonsmoker, with blood viscosity of $2.5 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{Pa} \cdot \mathrm{s}$, normal blood flow requires a pressure difference of 8.0 mm Hg between the two ends of an artery. If this person were to smoke regularly, his blood viscosity would increase to $2.7 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{Pa} \cdot \mathrm{s}$, and the arterial diameter would constrict to 90% of its normal value. What pressure difference would be needed to maintain the same blood flow?

A converging lens with a focal length of 40 cm and a diverging lens with a focal length of -40 cm are 160 cm apart. A 2.0-cm-tall object is 60 cm in front of the converging lens. a. Use a ray tracing to find the position and height of the image. To do this, accurately use a ruler or paper with a grid. Determine the image distance and image height by making measurements on your diagram. b. Calculate the image height and image position relative to the second lens. Compare with your ray-tracing answers in part a.

Styrofoam has a density of $32 \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{m}^{3}$. What is the maximum mass that can hang without sinking from a 50-cm-diameter Styrofoam sphere in water? Assume the volume of the mass is negligible compared to that of the sphere.

A 2.0 mL syringe has an inner diameter of 6.0 mm, a needle inner diameter of 0.25 mm, and a plunger pad diameter (where you place your finger) of 1.2 cm. A nurse uses the syringe to inject medicine into a patient whose blood pressure is 140/100. Assume the liquid is an ideal fluid. a. What is the minimum force the nurse needs to apply to the syringe? b. The nurse empties the syringe in 2.0 s. What is the flow speed of the medicine through the needle?