The oldest rocks on Earth date from about $4.2$ billion years ago. What does this indicate about the interval between $4.6$ billion years ago, when the Earth started to form, and $4.2$ billion years ago?

Explain why Francesco Redi’s experiment with flies did not completely disprove spontaneous generation.

One trend in hominin evolution has been _______.

How do mutation and immigration disrupt genetic equilibrium? Explain.

Discuss the effects of very short generation time, such as bacteria on the speciation.

Human newborns with either a very high or a very low birth weight are more likely to die in infancy. Name the type of selection this seems to be.

Spallanzani and Pasteur both used a technique that is now widely used to preserve food. What was this technique?

Assume that A, B, and Care constants. $P(t)=3000(1.02)^{t}$

The cost of producing x baseball gloves is modeled by $C(x)=20+15 x$, The function $M(x) = 1.5$ represents the markup factor that the company uses to set the selling price of the baseball gloves. What function gives the total selling price of x baseball gloves? Find the selling price of 9 baseball gloves.

The mouthparts of an adult horsefly are modified for biting. The mouthparts of a mosquito are modified for piercing skin and sucking blood. Are the mouthparts of the two species homologous or analogous? Discuss your answer.

People once believed fish could form from the mud in a pond that sometimes dried up. How could you demonstrate that this conclusion is false?

What is the difference between biogenesis and spontaneous generation?

Explain how Redi's experiment disproved the hypothesis that flies formed in food by spontaneous generation.

Name the two shortcomings of the biological species concept