The oldest theory about human motivation, which focuses on unlearned, complex patterns of behavior present throughout a species, is known as a. arousal theory. b. drive-reduction theory. c. instinct theory. d. extrinsic motivation. e the hierarchy of needs.

After Donnie realized the "intruder" his home was just his mother returning unexpectedly, his breathing began to slow down, his heart rate decreased, and his digestion began again. These changes were coordinated by the a. limbic system. b parasympathetic nervous system. c. sympathetic nervous system. d. afferent neurons. e. efferent neurons.

When hiring for a new creative director for an advertising agency, Amina decided that the number one criteria she desired was a person who could devise numerous ways to solve problems. A person talented in this area would most likely be good at a. divergent thinking. b. convergent thinking. c. belief perseverance. d. solving crossword puzzles. e. doing arithmetic.

An injury that leads to the loss of binocular vision would have the greatest impact on a. visual acuity. b. color perception. c. peripheral vision. d. depth perception. e. selective attention.

Dr. Anders wants to investigate how people of different ages communicate via the Internet, so she does an experiment with three groups of three different ages: 18- to 21-year-olds, 47-to 50-year-olds, and 75- to 78-year-olds. Concurrently comparing how people of different ages behave 15 an example of which of the following kinds of research? a. Case study b. Longitudinal c. Cross-sectional d Factor analysis e. Qualitative

Mr. Winters is a trainer who encourages his clients to lose weight. Instead of simply rewarding them when their weigh declines, he is rewarding them each time they behave m ways that would reduce weight-each time they exerice, decline high-calorie foods, or even take the stairs at work. Reinforcing each time one get s closer to a desired behavior is known as a. conforming. b. extinguishing. c. social loafing. d. shaping e. classical conditioning.

The symptoms of schizophrenia a can be categorized as positive or negative. Which of the following symptoms can be considered positive? a. Hallucinations. b. Flat affect. c. Social withdrawal. d. Catatonia. e. Toneless vocal patterns.

In a normal distribution, what percentage of the scores in the distribution falls within one standard deviation on either side of the mean? a. 34 percent b. 40 percent c. 50 percent d. 68 percent e. 95 percent

Modem psihodynamic counselors are likely to emphasize

Which part of the brain would be most involved in maintaining homeostasis in body temperature? a. Prefrontal cortex. b. Temporal lobe. c. Thalamus. d. Hypothalamus. e. Amygdala.

A researcher, who is trying to determine how social-cultural changes might be correlated with the incidence of bipolar disorder would be most int e rested in which of the following? a. The brain changes in a person, with bipolar disorder as measured by a PET scan. b. Scientific measures of the heritability of the disorder. c The correlation between rates of poverty and cases of the disorder. d. Neurotransmitter levels in patients diagnosed with the disorder. e. The number of close biological relatives who also suffer from bipolar disorder.

With which of the following statements would John B. Watson most likely agree? a. Psychology should study the growth potential in all people. b. Psychology should study the unconscious. c. Psychology should focus on observable behavior. d. Psychology should study mental thought processes. e. Psychology should study how culture and beliefs impact an individual.

What perspective is sometimes referred to as the "third force", since it offered a more optimistic alternative to Freud's psychoanalysis and Skinner's behaviorism? a. Biological psychology. b. Humanistic psychology. c. Cognitive psychology. d. Evolutionary psychology. e. Social-cultural psychology.

Which of the following statements is most typical of the approach of a cognitive therapist? a. "Let's go back to your statement about your happiness as a child". b. "When you say 'No one likes me that's illogical, because you ave close friends". c. "What a hear you saying is you are angry, and can hear the frustration in your voice". d. "I'm going to start teaching you to relax, and then we will slowly deal with your phobia". e. "I think that prescribing you an SSRI will increase your positive mood over the next few weeks".