The pattern depicted in the graph between 1979 and 2000 directly contributed to all of the following EXCEPT a. providing a vital source of labor for the American economy. b. ongoing political debates over U.S. immigration policy. c. fears of cultural changes diminishing traditional values. d. declining economic productivity from a surplus of unskilled immigrant labor.

The majority of immigrants who arrived in the U.S. between 1970 and 2000 settled a. throughout the small towns of rural America. b. in the Northeast and Midwest. c. in the South and West. d. along the borders with Canada and Mexico.

The proposals in the excerpt best represent a continuation of the policies of which previous presidential administration? a. Woodrow Wilson b. Franklin Roosevelt c. Lyndon Johnson d. Ronald Reagan

The policies proposed in the excerpt from the "Contract with America" are best understood in the context of growing concerns about a. the decay of traditional United States moral values. b. the effects of growing international migration from Latin America and Asia. c. lessening the political influence of union organizations. d. international free-trade agreements.

Advocates for legislation enacting the "Contract with America" were LEAST likely to endorse which of the following policy goals? a. Promoting economic growth b. Reducing the social safety net c. Expanding civil liberties d. Deregulating businesses