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The sum of the ages of two brothers is 22 and the product of their ages is 120. How old are the brothers?

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The sum of their ages is 22 and the product of their ages is 120 so test out different pairs of numbers with a sum of 22 until you find a pair with a product of 120:

5+17=225(17)=85 (too small, try closer numbers)8+14=228(14)=112 (too small, try closer numbers)10+12=2210(12)=120\begin{align*} 5+17&=22&5(17)&=85\text{ (too small, try closer numbers)}\\ 8+14&=22&8(14)&=112\text{ (too small, try closer numbers)}\\ 10+12&=22&10(12)&=120 \end{align*}

Their ages are then 10 and 12.

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