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Question

The unpaid balance of an installment loan is equal to the present value of the remaining payments. The unpaid balance, P, is given by P=PMT[1(1+rn)nt](rn)P=P M T \frac{\left[1-\left(1+\frac{r}{n}\right)^{-n t}\right]}{\left(\frac{r}{n}\right)}, where PMT is the regular payment amount, r is the annual interest rate, n is the number of payments per year, and t is the number of years remaining in the loan. a. Use the loan payment formula to derive the unpaid balance formula. b. The price of a car is $24,000. You have saved 20% of the price as a down payment. After the down payment, the balance is financed with a 5-year loan at 9%. Determine the unpaid balance after three years. Round all calculations to the nearest dollar.

Solution

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Answered 2 years ago
Answered 2 years ago
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a.\textbf{a.}

Start with the formula:

PMT=P(rn)1(1+rn)ntPMT=\dfrac{P\left(\dfrac{r}{n}\right)}{1-\left(1+\dfrac{r}{n}\right)^{-nt}}

Multiply both sides by 1(1+rn)nt1-\left(1+\dfrac{r}{n}\right)^{-nt}:

PMT[1(1+rn)nt]=P(rn)PMT\left[1-\left(1+\dfrac{r}{n}\right)^{-nt}\right]=P\left(\dfrac{r}{n}\right)

Divide both sides by (rn)\left(\dfrac{r}{n}\right):

PMT[1(1+rn)nt](rn)=P\dfrac{PMT\left[1-\left(1+\dfrac{r}{n}\right)^{-nt}\right]}{\left(\dfrac{r}{n}\right)}=P

or

P=PMT[1(1+rn)nt](rn)(1)\color{#c34632}P=\dfrac{PMT\left[1-\left(1+\dfrac{r}{n}\right)^{-nt}\right]}{\left(\dfrac{r}{n}\right)}\color{white}\tag{1}

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