Three-year-old C.E. is admitted to the Emergency Department (ED) fast track clinic. Her mother tells the nurse that C.E. has had a low-grade fever for $2$ days and is complaining of ear pain and a sore throat. Mrs. E. states that C.E.'s appetite has been “off,” but she has been drinking and using the bathroom as usual.

How would the nurse monitor C.E. for pain?

An insurance company claims that in the entire population of homeowners the mean annual loss from fire is $\mu=\$ 250$ and the standard deviation of the loss is $\sigma=\$ 5000.$ The distribution of losses is strongly right-skewed: many policies have $0 loss, but a few have large losses. The company hopes to sell 1000 of these policies for$300 each. Assuming that the company's claim is true, what is the probability that the mean loss from fire is greater than $300 for an SRS of 1000 homeowners?

Physostigmine, an alkaloid obtained from a West African plant + Physostigma venenosum), is used in the treatment of glaucoma. Treatment of physostigmine with methyl iodide gives a quaternary ammonium salt. What is the structure of this salt?

Jillian is thrown from a horse. She strikes the ground with her chin, causing severe hyperextension of the neck. Emergency medical technicians properly immobilize her neck and transport her to a hospital, but she dies 5 minutes after arrival. An autopsy shows multiple fractures of vertebrae C1, C6, and C7 and extensive damage to the spinal cord. Explain why she died rather than being left quadriplegic.

The minimum stopping distance for a car traveling at a speed of 30 m/s is 60 m, including the distance traveled during the driver's reaction time of 0.50 s. a. Draw a position-versus-time graph for the motion of the car. Assume the car is at $x _ { \mathrm { i } } = 0$ m when the driver first sees the emergency situation ahead that calls for a stupid halt. b. What is the minimum stopping distance for the same car traveling at a speed of 40 m/s?

An emergency call centre has four service lines that operate 24 hours every day of the week. The random variable X represents the number of phone lines in use during any five-minute period. Based on data collected over a long period of time, the centre manager has determined the following:

a. State a condition on a and b.

b. Given that $E(X)=2.46$, determine the value of a and the value of b.

The length of stay at a specific emergency department in Phoenix, Arizona, in 2009 had a mean of 4.6 hours with a standard deviation of 2.9. Assume that the length of stay is normally distributed. a. What is the probability of a length of stay greater than 10 hours? b. What length of stay is exceeded by 25% of the visits? c. From the normally distributed model, what is the probability of a length of stay less than 0 hours? Comment on the normally distributed assumption in this example.

You are working in the emergency department (ED) of a community hospital when the ambulance arrives with A.N., an $18$-year-old woman who was caught in a house fire. She was sleeping when the fire started and managed to make her way out of the house through thick smoke. The emergency medical system crew initiated humidified oxygen at $15 \mathrm{~L} / \mathrm{min}$ per nonrebreather mask and started a $16$-gauge IV with lactated Ringer's solution. On arrival to the ED, her vital signs are $100/66, 125, 34$, $\mathrm{SaO}_2 93 \%$. An additional $16$-gauge IV is inserted. She appears anxious and in pain.

A.N. is undergoing burn fluid resuscitation using the standard Baxter (Parkland) formula. She was admitted at $0400$. She weighs $110$ pounds. Calculate her fluid requirements, specify the fluids used in the Baxter (Parkland) formula, specify how much will be given, and indicate what time intervals will be used.

Di Lanier has her eye on a four-door sedan in the dealer's showroom. She checks the Internet to find that the dealer's costs are $19,972.58 base price, and options are moon roof wind deflector,$84.00; emergency aid package, $117.60; and floormats,$147.00. The destination charge is $598.00. The dealer's cost of base price is 82% and of options is 84%. If Di pays the sticker price plus a 6% sales tax, what is her cost?

A car can be braked to a stop from the autobahn-like speed of $200 \mathrm{~km} / \mathrm{h}$ in $170 \mathrm{~m}$. Assume that the acceleration is constant. $T_b$ is required time for the braking. Your reaction time $T_r$ is the time you require to perceive an emergency, move your foot to the brake, and begin the braking. If $T_r=400 \mathrm{~ms}$, then is most of the full time required to stop spent in reacting or braking?

How much longer is the maximum jump of a South African sharp-nosed frog than the maximum jump of a leopard frog?

Let X denote the number of times a certain numerical control machine will malfunction: 1, 2, or 3 times on any given day. Let Y denote the number of times a technician is called on an emergency call. Their joint probability distribution is given as

$$\begin{matrix} & & & x & \\ \hline & & 1 & 2 & 3 \\ & 1 & 0.05 & 0.05 & 0.10 \\ y & 3 & 0.05 & 0.10 & 0.35 \\ & 5 & 0.00 & 0.20 & 0.10 \end{matrix}$$

Find the covariance of the random variables X and Y.

Find the probabilities and indicate when the "5% guideline for cumbersome calculations" is used. In a study of helicopter usage and patient survival, results were obtained fro m 47,637 patients transported by helicopter and 111 ,874 patients transported by ground (based on data from "Association Between Helicopter vs Ground Emergency Medical Services and Surv ival for Adults with Major Trauma," by Galvagno et al., Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. 307, No. 15).

You are trying to decide whether to take a job after you graduate or go onto graduate school. Consider the following questions as you make your decision.

A. Which of these costs, for the most part, would be relevant (R), and which would be irrelevant (IR)?

• Cost of your undergraduate education
• Salary with an undergraduate degree
• Salary with both an undergraduate degree and a graduate degree
• Rent
• Car Insurance
• Graduate school tuition and fees
• Food costs
• Moving expenses