T.W. is a 22-year-old man who fell SO feet from a chairlift while skiing and landed on hard-packed snow. He is now at the emergency department (ED) with a suspected TS-T6 fracture with paraplegia.
Insert Foley catheter
ECG monitoring
Immobilize the cervical spine
Oxygen at 4 L per nasal cannula
Initiate two large bore IVs
Neurologic assessment every hour
Apply warming blankets as needed
Describe a plan for implementing these physician's orders

While you are talking with your friend at an expensive restaurant, she quickly stops in midswallow and looks panicked. When you ask what is wrong, she indicates that she can’t speak and runs toward the restroom. What should you do? Suppose that your first aid does not work---what procedure might emergency medical personnel use to help your her?

Five-year-old Amy wakes her parents up at 3 AM crying and complaining of a sore neck, a severe headache, and feeling sick to her stomach. She has a temperature of $40^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ $\left(104^{\circ} \mathrm{F}\right)$ and hides her eyes, saying that the lights are too bright. The emergency physician suspects meningitis and performs a lumbar tap. Using your knowledge of neuroanatomy, explain into which space and at what level of the vertebral column the needle will be inserted to perform this test. Which fluid is being obtained and why?

O A door in a hospital has a pneumatic closer that pulls the door shut such that the doorknob moves with constant speed over most of its pach. In this part of its motion, (a) does the doorknob experience a centripetal acceleration? (b) Does it experience a tangential acceleration? Hurrying to an emergency, a nurse gives a sharp push to the closed door. The door swings open against the pneumatic device, slowing down and then reversing its motion. At the moment the door is open the widest, (c) does the doorknob have a centripetal acceleration? (d) Does it have a tangential acceleration?

For many years Colonel John P. Stapp, USAF, held the world’s land speed record. He participated in studying whether a jet pilot could survive emergency ejection. On March $19$, $1954$, he rode a rocket-propelled sled that moved down a track at $632$ mi/h. He and the sled were safely brought to rest in $1.40$ s. Determine (a) the negative acceleration he experienced and (b) the distance he traveled during this negative acceleration, assumed to be constant.

Match each type of disease with the type of disease-causing agent that causes it. _ African sleeping sickness A. virus B. bacterium C. protist D. parasitic worm E. fungus

Consider a simple elevator design in which a 15,000 kg car A is connected to a 12,000 kg counterweight B. Suppose that a failure of the drive system occurs (the failure does not affect the rope connecting A and B) when the car is at rest and 50 m above its buffer, causing the elevator car to fall. Model the car and the counterweight as particles and the cord as massless and inextensible, and model the action of the emergency brakes using a Coulomb friction model with kinetic friction coefficient $\mu \mathrm{k}=0.5$ and a normal force equal to 35% of the car’s weight. Determine the speed with which the car impacts the buffer.

Study of why EMS workers leave the job. A study of fulltime emergency medical service (EMS) workers published in the Journal of Allied Health (Fall 2011) found that only about $3 \%$ leave their job in order to retire. (See Exercise $3.45$, p. 158.) Assume that the true proportion of all fulltime EMS workers who leave their job in order to retire is $p=.03$. In a random sample of 1,000 full-time EMS workers, let $\hat{p}$ represent the proportion who leave their job in order to retire. Describe the properties of the sampling distribution of $\hat{p}$.

After a heavy meal rich with fried foods, Debby Collins, an overweight 45-year-old woman, was rushed to the emergency room with severe spasmodic pains in her epigastric region that radiated to the right side of her rib cage. She indicated that the attack came on suddenly, and her abdomen was found to be tender to the touch and somewhat rigid. What do you think is this patient's problem and why is her pain discontinuous (colicky)? What are the treatment options and what might happen if the problem is not resolved?

Suppose that you were called upon to give some advice to a lawyer concerning the physics involved in one of her cases. The question is whether a driver was exceeding a $30$-mi/h speed limit before he made an emergency stop, brakes locked and wheels sliding. The length of skid marks on the road was $19.2$ ft. The police officer made the assumption that the maxi- mum deceleration of the car would not exceed the accelera- tion of a freely falling body $(=32$ ft/s$^2)$ and did not give the driver a ticket. Was the driver speeding? Explain.

A vehicle is stuck on the railroad tracks as a 430,000 lb locomotive is approaching with a speed of 75 mph. As soon as the problem is detected, the locomotive’s emergency brakes are activated, locking the wheels and causing the locomotive to slide. If the coefficient of kinetic friction between the locomotive and the track is 0.45, what is the minimum distance d at which the brakes must be applied to avoid a collision? What would that distance be if instead of a locomotive, there was a $30 \times 106 lb$ train? Treat the locomotive and the train as particles, assume that the railroad tracks are rectilinear and horizontal, and note that only the locomotive’s brakes are applied.

Study of why EMS workers leave the job. A study of fulltime emergency medical service (EMS) workers published in the Journal of Allied Health (Fall 2011) found that only about 3% leave their job in order to retire. (See Exercise $3.45$, p. 158.) Assume that the true proportion of all fulltime EMS workers who leave their job in order to retire is $p=.03$. In a random sample of 1,000 full-time EMS workers, let $\hat{p}$ represent the proportion who leave their job in order to retire. Compute $P(\hat{p}<.05)$. Interpret this result.

A nuclear reactor is equipped with two independent automatic shutdown systems to shut down the reactor when the core temperature reaches the danger level. Neither system is perfect. System A shuts down the reactor 90% of the time when the danger level is reached. System B does so 80% of the time. The reactor is shut down if either system works.

Now simulate 100 trials of the reactor's response to an emergency of this kind. Estimate the probability that it will shut down. This probability is higher than the probability that either system working alone will shut down the reactor.

(Use Excel) Color coding is often used in manufacturing operations to display production status or to identify/prioritize materials. For example, suppose "green" status indicates that an assembly line is operating normally, "yellow" indicates it is down waiting on personnel for set up or repair, "blue" indicates it is down waiting on materials to be delivered, and "red" indicates an emergency condition. Management has set realistic goals whereby the assembly line should be operating normally 80% of the time, waiting on personnel 9% of the time, waiting on materials $9 \%$ of the time, and in an emergency condition 2% of the time. Based on $250$ recent status records, the status was green $185$ times, yellow $24$ times, blue $32$ times, and red $9$ times.

a. State the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses to test if the proportions of assembly line statuses differ from the goals set by management.

b. Calculate the value of the test statistic.

c. Use Excel's CHISQ.DIST.RT function to calculate the $p$-value.

d. Are management's goals being met at $\alpha=0.05$ ? Will your conclusion change at $\alpha=0.01$ ?