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Question

Two orthogonal vectors uu and vv are given. Compute the quantities u2||u||^2, v2||v||^2, and u+v2||u+v||^2. Use your results to illustrate the Pythagorean theorem.

u=[132] and v=[111]\begin{equation*} u=\begin{bmatrix}1\\3\\2\end{bmatrix}\text{ and } v=\begin{bmatrix}-1\\1\\-1\end{bmatrix} \end{equation*}

Solution

Verified

u=[132]u = \begin{bmatrix} 1\\ 3\\ 2 \end{bmatrix}

;

v=[111]v = \begin{bmatrix} -1\\ 1\\ -1 \end{bmatrix}

u2=12+32+22=14||u||^2 = 1^2+3^2+2^2= 14

v2=(1)2+12+(1)2=3||v||^2 = (-1)^2+1^2+(-1)^2= 3

u+v2=(1+(1))2+(3+1)2+(2+(1))2=17=u2+v2||u+v||^2 =(1+(-1))^2 + (3+1)^2+(2+(-1))^2= 17 = ||u||^2+||v||^2

So using Pythagorean theorem we conclude that the vectors uu and vv are orthogonal.

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