Under what conditions does $\Delta G$ allow us to predict whether a process is spontaneous?

Is an endothermic reaction more likely to be spontaneous at higher temperatures or lower temperatures? Explain.

Indicate whether each statement is true or false. All spontaneous processes are fast.

Mutations that improve an individual's ability to survive and reproduce are

a. harmful.

b. neutral.

c. beneficial.

d. chromosomal.

Indicate whether each statement is true or false. The entropy of the system must increase in any spontaneous process.

One sign of osteoporosis is
a. osteosarcoma.
b. osteomalacia.
c. osteomyelitis.
d. a spontaneous wrist fracture.
e. hypocalcemia.

Calculate $\Delta S _ { \text { univ } },$ and state whether the reaction is spontaneous at 298 K.

Indicate whether each statement is true or false.

(b) The entropy of the universe increases for spontaneous processes.

Explain why organisms such as Drosophila and bacteria are frequently used in the study of mutations:

Is the reaction spontaneous under standard conditions at 298$\mathrm{~K}$?

Identify the condition in the following diagnoses.
Spontaneous abortion
main term: ___________

Respond: Do you agree with the speaker about the attractiveness of a spontaneous look? Why or why not?

Calculate $\Delta S _ { \text { univ } }$ and state whether the reaction is spontaneous at 298 K.

Explain why mutations are more likely to occur on the lagging strand than on the leading strand in eukaryotes.