Use the following information taken from Johnson & Johnson annual reports. The principal office of Johnson & Johnson is in New Brunswick, New Jersey. Its common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange, using the symbol JNJ.

Year	Domestic Sales ($million)	International Sales ($ million)	Employees (thousands)
2000	17,316	11,856	100.9
2001	19,825	12,492	101.8
2002	22,455	13,843	108.3
2003	25,274	16,588	110.6
2004	27,770	19,578	109.9
2005	28,377	22,137	115.6
2006	29,775	23,549	122.2
2007	32,444	28,651	119.2
2008	32,309	31,438	118.7
2009	30,889	31,008	115.5
2010	29,437	32,124	114.0
2011	28,907	36,107	117.9
2012	29,830	37,394	127.6
2013	31,910	39,402	128.1
2014	34,782	39,548	126.5
2015	35,687	34,387	127.1

Using the period 2000-02 as the base period, compute a simple index of the number of employees for each year from 2004 to 2015.

In this exercise we introduce one of our running examples of a relational database schema. The database schema consists of four relations, whose schemas are:

Product(maker, model, type)
PC(model, speed, ram, hd, price)
Laptop(model, speed, ram, hd, screen, price)
Printer(model, color, type, price)

The Product relation gives the manufacturer, model number and type (PC, laptop, or printer) of various products. We assume for convenience that model numbers are unique over all manufacturers and product types; that assumption is not realistic, and a real database would include a code for the manufacturer as part of the model number. The PC relation gives for each model number that is a PC the speed (of the processor, in gigahertz), the amount of RAM (in megabytes), the size of the hard disk (in gigabytes), and the price. The Laptop relation is similar, except that the screen size (in inches) is also included. The Printer relation records for each printer model whether the printer produces color output (true, if so), the process type (laser or ink-jet, typically), and the price.

Write the following declarations:

a) A suitable schema for relation Product.
b) A suitable schema for relation PC.
c) A suitable schema for relation Laptop.
d) A suitable schema for relation Printer.
e) An alteration to your Printer schema from (d) to delete the attribute color.
f) An alteration to your Laptop schema from (c) to add the attribute od (optical-disk type, e.g., cd or dvd). Let the default value for this attribute be ’none’ if the laptop does not have an optical disk.

What is biological magnification?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Selected comparative financial statement information of Bluegrass Corporation follows.

$$\begin{array}{c} \textbf{BLUEGRASS CORPORATION}\\ \textbf{Comparative Year-End Balance Sheets}\\ \end{array}$$

$$\begin{array}{lccc} \textbf{At December 31}&\textbf{2019}&\textbf{2018}&\textbf{2017}\\[5pt] \textbf{Assets}\\[5pt] \text{Current assets}&\text{\$\hspace{5pt}54,860}&\text{\$\hspace{5pt}32,660}&\text{\$\hspace{5pt}36,300}\\ \text{Long-term investments}&\text{\hspace{33pt}0}&\text{\hspace{15pt}1,700}&\text{\hspace{10pt}10,600}\\ \text{Plant assets, net}&\underline{\text{\hspace{5pt}112,810}}&\underline{\text{\hspace{5pt}113,660}}&\underline{\text{\hspace{10pt}79,000}}\\ \text{Total assets}&\underline{\underline{\text{\$167,670}}}&\underline{\underline{\text{\$148,020}}}&\underline{\underline{\text{\$125,900}}}\\ \textbf{Liabilities and Equity}\\[5pt] \text{Current liabilities}&\text{\$\hspace{5pt}22,370}&\text{\$\hspace{5pt}19,180}&\text{\$\hspace{5pt}16,500}\\ \text{Common stock}&\text{\hspace{10pt}46,500}&\text{\hspace{10pt}46,500}&\text{\hspace{10pt}37,000}\\ \text{Other paid-in capital}&\text{\hspace{10pt}13,850}&\text{\hspace{10pt}13,850}&\text{\hspace{10pt}11,300}\\ \text{Retained earnings}&\underline{\text{\hspace{10pt}84,950}}&\underline{\text{\hspace{10pt}68,490}}&\underline{\text{\hspace{10pt}61,100}}\\ \text{Total liabilities and equity}&\underline{\underline{\text{\$167,670}}}&\underline{\underline{\text{\$148,020}}}&\underline{\underline{\text{\$125,900}}}\\ \end{array}$$

$$\begin{array}{c} \textbf{BLUEGRASS CORPORATION}\\ \textbf{Comparative Income Statements}\\ \end{array}$$

$$\begin{array}{lccc} \textbf{For Years Ended December 31}&\textbf{2019}&\textbf{2018}&\textbf{2017}\\[5pt] \text{Sales}&\text{\$198,800}&\text{\$166,000}&\text{\$143,800}\\ \text{Cost of goods sold}&\underline{\text{\hspace{5pt}108,890}}&\underline{ \text{\hspace{10pt}86,175}}&\underline{ \text{\hspace{10pt}66,200}}\\ \text{Gross profit}&\text{\hspace{10pt}89,910}&\text{\hspace{10pt}79,825}&\text{\hspace{10pt}77,600}\\ \text{Selling expenses}&\text{\hspace{10pt}22,680}&\text{\hspace{10pt}19,790}&\text{\hspace{10pt}18,000}\\ \text{Administrative expenses}&\underline{ \text{\hspace{10pt}16,760}}&\underline{\text{\hspace{10pt}14,610}}&\underline{ \text{\hspace{10pt}15,700}}\\\text{Total expenses}&\underline{ \text{\hspace{10pt}39,440}}&\underline{ \text{\hspace{10pt}34,400}}&\underline{ \text{\hspace{10pt}33,700}}\\ \text{Income before taxes}&\text{\hspace{10pt}50,470}&\text{\hspace{10pt}45,425}&\text{\hspace{10pt}43,900}\\ \text{Income tax expense}&\underline{ \text{\hspace{15pt}6,050}}&\underline{ \text{\hspace{15pt}5,910}}&\underline{ \text{\hspace{15pt}5,300}}\\ \text{Net income}&\underline{ \underline{ \text{\$\hspace{5pt}44,420}}}&\underline{ \underline{ \text{\$\hspace{5pt}39,515}}}&\underline{ \underline{ \text{\$\hspace{5pt}38,600}}}\\ \end{array}$$

Required

1. Compute each year’s current ratio. Round ratios to one decimal.

2. Express the income statement data in common-size percents. Round percents to two decimals.

3. Express the balance sheet data in trend percents with 2017 as the base year. Round percents to two decimals.

Analysis Component

4. Comment on any significant relations revealed by the ratios and percents computed.

What's a “biological asset”?

An observational study of 19 managers from a medium-sized manufacturing plant investigated which activities successful managers perform (Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, August 1985). To measure success, the researchers devised an index based on the manager's length of time in the organization and his or her level within the firm; the higher the index, the more successful the manager. The table on the following page presents data that can determine whether managerial success is related to the extensiveness of a manager's network-building interactions with people outside the manager's work unit. Such interactions include phone and face-to-face meetings with customers and suppliers, attending outside meetings, and doing public relations work.

h. A second manager was observed for 2 weeks. This manager made 110 contacts with people outside his work unit. Why should caution be exercised using the least squares model developed from the given data set to create a prediction interval for this manager's success index?

You have 2 biological parents, 4 biological grandparents, and 8 biological great grandparents. How many direct ancestors do you have in the 6 generations before you? 12 generations?

Zoos work responsibly to foster the reproduction of animals. The birth of a zoo animal is something to be celebrated and promoted, especially when it involves an endangered or threatened animal. Zoo births are helpful to zoos in many ways. For example, they can bring in additional visitors and encourage donations to the zoo. A zoo's public relations department can find many ways to promote the birth of an animal. They may create and issue press releases, posters, pamphlets, commercials, and billboards. Their efforts may lead local television and radio stations to cover the animal birth in news reports. The following is an example of what a transcript of a live report by a local television station might have been like after a Sumatran tiger gave birth to triplets at the San Francisco Zoo. San Francisco News. Reporting Live from the San Francisco Zoo. March 14, 2008 - I'm reporting live from the San Francisco Zoo. Zookeepers were in for a couple of surprises today at the San Francisco Zoo. The zoo has been buzzing with excitement and activity since their 230-pound Sumatran tiger, Leanne, gave birth to one cub on March 6. But just this week, the zoo revealed that Leanne actually had triplets! The zoo's chief veterinarian did not suspect that there was more than one cub until 6 days ago. How could this be? Well, Leanne had decided to take a tiger-size lick of the camera that was monitoring her, fogging up part of the lens. The birthing box was not completely visible, either. It was not until the thirsty new mom left the box to get a drink that the zookeeper noticed the two other cubs. Zookeepers do not want to disturb the mother and her young yet. Leanne is doing a great job of taking care of her babies-even protecting them from the camera lens. Sumatran tigers are an endangered species, with only about 600 remaining in the wild. Zoo officials hope that these web--footed cubs will soon be swimming just as fast as other Sumatran tigers. Suppose you were giving this report. What information would you add to the report? Explain your answer.

Zoos work responsibly to foster the reproduction of animals. The birth of a zoo animal is something to be celebrated and promoted, especially when it involves an endangered or threatened animal. Zoo births are helpful to zoos in many ways. For example, they can bring in additional visitors and encourage donations to the zoo. A zoo's public relations department can find many ways to promote the birth of an animal. They may create and issue press releases, posters, pamphlets, commercials, and billboards. Their efforts may lead local television and radio stations to cover the animal birth in news reports. The following is an example of what a transcript of a live report by a local television station might have been like after a Sumatran tiger gave birth to triplets at the San Francisco Zoo. San Francisco News. Reporting Live from the San Francisco Zoo. March 14, 2008 - I'm reporting live from the San Francisco Zoo. Zookeepers were in for a couple of surprises today at the San Francisco Zoo. The zoo has been buzzing with excitement and activity since their 230-pound Sumatran tiger, Leanne, gave birth to one cub on March 6. But just this week, the zoo revealed that Leanne actually had triplets! The zoo's chief veterinarian did not suspect that there was more than one cub until 6 days ago. How could this be? Well, Leanne had decided to take a tiger-size lick of the camera that was monitoring her, fogging up part of the lens. The birthing box was not completely visible, either. It was not until the thirsty new mom left the box to get a drink that the zookeeper noticed the two other cubs. Zookeepers do not want to disturb the mother and her young yet. Leanne is doing a great job of taking care of her babies-even protecting them from the camera lens. Sumatran tigers are an endangered species, with only about 600 remaining in the wild. Zoo officials hope that these web--footed cubs will soon be swimming just as fast as other Sumatran tigers. What is the tone of this television report, and how is it intended to make you feel?

The Silver Star Bicycle Company will be manufacturing both men’s and women’s models for its Easy-Pedal bicycles during the next two months. Management wants to develop a production schedule indicating how many bicycles of each model should be produced in each month. Current demand forecasts call for 150 men’s and 125 women’s models to be shipped during the first month and 200 men’s and 150 women’s models to be shipped during the second month. Additional data are as follows:

$$\begin{array}{lcccc} \begin{array}{c} \text { Production } \\ \text { Model } \end{array} & \text { Costs } & \text { Manufacturing } & \text { Assembly } & \begin{array}{c} \text { Current } \\ \text { Inventory } \end{array} \\ \text { Men's } & \$ 120 & 2.0 & 1.5 & 20 \\ \text { Women's } & \$ 90 & 1.6 & 1.0 & 30 \end{array}$$

Last month the company used a total of 1000 hours of labor. The company’s labor relations policy will not allow the combined total hours of labor (manufacturing plus assembly) to increase or decrease by more than 100 hours from month to month. In addition, the company charges monthly inventory at the rate of 2 percent of the production cost based on the inventory levels at the end of the month. The company would like to have at least 25 units of each model in inventory at the end of the two months. (Hint: Define variables for production and inventory held in each period for each product. Then use a constraint to define the relationship between these: inventory from end of previous period 1 produced this period 2 demand this period 5 inventory at end of this period.)

Establish a production schedule that minimizes production and inventory costs and satisfies the labor-smoothing, demand, and inventory requirements. What inventories will be maintained and what are the monthly labor requirements?

The largest level of biological study is the _______________________ .

Describe the levels of biological organization.

(a) What biological process produces ammonia from atmospheric nitrogen:______________.

(b) What biological process produces nitrate in the soil:_______________.

(c) What biological process releases nitrogen into the atmosphere?

Which of the following statements about gender is true? a. A person's gender has absolutely nothing to do with his or her biological sex. b. A person's gender is entirely determined by his or her biological sex. c. A person's gender is influenced by biological characteristics but is not always determined by those characteristics. d. A person's gender is generally determined by cultural influences rather than by biological characteristics.