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Question

Using a light source and a protractor, explain how to calculate the refractive index of a liquid

Solution

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To find the refractive index of a liquid, shine the light source at a liquid and measure the angle of incidence (the angle between the beam of light and the normal). Next, measure the angle of refraction (the angle between the beam of light and the normal) created as the light beam travels through the unknown liquid. We know n1, the refractive index of air (medium 1), is 1. Therefore, we can plug n1, the angle of incidence, and the angle of refraction into the equation for Snell’s law to solve for n2, the refractive index of the unknown liquid: n1 (sin angle 1) = n2 (sin angle 2).

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